Liu Jian, Dong Shoujun, Wang Chenghao, Liu Yanbo, Pan Shanshan, Yin Zhaosong
School of Mechanical Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China.
School of Textile Science and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2024 Jul 14;14(14):1199. doi: 10.3390/nano14141199.
Electrospinning is an effective method to prepare nanofibers at present. Aiming at problems such as low spinnable viscosity and the low productivity of the traditional multi-needle, a radial nozzle was proposed in this paper. In order to solve the problem of end effects in multi-nozzle electrospinning, COMSOL Multiphysics 6.0 software was used to simulate the electric field in electrospinning with seven radial nozzles. And the influence on the electric field intensity and distribution of the structural parameters of the radial nozzle, including the number, length, tip-shape, and tip-pointing direction of the vanes, were studied. Then, the electric field intensity of any point on the central axis of a radial nozzle was obtained based on the principle of electric field superposition, and then the rotation angle of the vanes corresponding to the minimum Coulomb repulsion force on the target point was deduced. At last, the method of electric field homogenization of a rotating vane arrangement was obtained. In the simulation, the strength and homogenization of the electric field were taken as the research objective, and the optimum structure parameters of the radial nozzle were obtained; the uniform theory of the electric field based on the orientation of the vanes was verified. Then, electrospinning with seven radial nozzles was performed, and it was found that each radial nozzle can produce multiple jets during electrospinning, and the prepared electrospun membranes have even thickness and high porosity. What is more, the fibers are relatively finer and more uniform.
静电纺丝是目前制备纳米纤维的一种有效方法。针对传统多针可纺粘度低、生产效率低等问题，本文提出了一种径向喷嘴。为了解决多喷嘴静电纺丝中的端部效应问题，采用COMSOL Multiphysics 6.0软件对具有七个径向喷嘴的静电纺丝电场进行了模拟。研究了径向喷嘴结构参数（包括叶片数量、长度、尖端形状和尖端指向方向）对电场强度和分布的影响。然后，根据电场叠加原理得到径向喷嘴中心轴上任意一点的电场强度，进而推导出目标点上库仑斥力最小对应的叶片旋转角度。最后，得到了旋转叶片排列的电场均匀化方法。在模拟中，以电场强度和均匀化为研究目标，得到了径向喷嘴的最佳结构参数；验证了基于叶片取向的电场均匀理论。然后，进行了具有七个径向喷嘴的静电纺丝，发现每个径向喷嘴在静电纺丝过程中都能产生多股射流，制备的静电纺丝膜厚度均匀、孔隙率高。而且，纤维相对更细、更均匀。
