Taj Mohsina, Bhat Vinay S, Sriram Ganesan, Kurkuri Mahaveer, Manohara S R, Padova Paola De, Hegde Gurumurthy
Nano-Composites and Materials Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, Siddaganga Institute of Technology (Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi), Tumakuru 572103, Karnataka, India.
Department of Physics, HKBK College of Engineering, Bengaluru 560045, Karnataka, India.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2024 Jul 18;14(14):1222. doi: 10.3390/nano14141222.
Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) and PEDOT-functionalized carbon nanoparticles (f-CNPs) were synthesized by in situ chemical oxidative polymerization and pyrolysis methods. f-CNP-PEDOT nanocomposites were prepared by varying the concentration of PEDOT from 1 to 20% by weight (i.e., 1, 2.5, 5, 10, and 20 wt%). Several characterization techniques, such as field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), N Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and Barrett-Joyner-Halenda (BJH) analyses, as well as cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic charge discharge (GCD), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), were applied to investigate the morphology, the crystalline structure, the N adsorption/desorption capability, as well as the electrochemical properties of these new synthesized nanocomposite materials. FESEM analysis showed that these nanocomposites have defined porous structures, and BET surface area analysis showed that the standalone f-CNP exhibited the largest surface area of 801.6 m/g, whereas the f-CNP-PEDOT with 20 wt% exhibited the smallest surface area of 116 m/g. The BJH method showed that the nanocomposites were predominantly mesoporous. CV, GCD, and EIS measurements showed that f-CNP functionalized with 5 wt% PEDOT had a higher capacitive performance compared to the individual f-CNPs and PEDOT constituents, exhibiting an extraordinary specific capacitance of 258.7 F/g, at a current density of 0.25 A/g, due to the combined advantage of enhanced electrochemical activity induced by PEDOT doping, and highly developed porosity of f-CNPs. Symmetric aqueous supercapacitor devices were fabricated using the optimized f-CNP-PEDOT doped with 5 wt% of PEDOT as active material, exhibiting a high capacitance of 96.7 F/g at 1.4 V, holding practically their full charge, after 10,000 charge-discharge cycles at 2 A/g, thus providing the highest electrical electrodes performance. Hereafter, this work paves the way for the potential use of f-CNP-PEDOT nanocomposites in the development of high-energy-density supercapacitors.
通过原位化学氧化聚合法和热解方法合成了聚（3,4-乙撑二氧噻吩）（PEDOT）和PEDOT功能化碳纳米颗粒（f-CNPs）。通过将PEDOT的重量浓度从1%变化到20%（即1、2.5、5、10和20 wt%）来制备f-CNP-PEDOT纳米复合材料。应用了几种表征技术，如场发射扫描电子显微镜（FESEM）、衰减全反射傅里叶变换红外光谱（ATR-FTIR）、X射线衍射（XRD）、N2 布鲁诺尔-埃米特-泰勒（BET）和巴雷特-乔伊纳-哈伦达（BJH）分析，以及循环伏安法（CV）、恒电流充放电（GCD）和电化学阻抗谱（EIS），来研究这些新合成的纳米复合材料的形态、晶体结构、N2 吸附/脱附能力以及电化学性质。FESEM分析表明这些纳米复合材料具有确定的多孔结构，BET表面积分析表明单独的f-CNP表现出最大表面积为801.6 m²/g，而含20 wt% PEDOT的f-CNP-PEDOT表现出最小表面积为116 m²/g。BJH方法表明这些纳米复合材料主要是中孔的。CV、GCD和EIS测量表明，与单独的f-CNPs和PEDOT组分相比，用5 wt% PEDOT功能化的f-CNP具有更高的电容性能，在电流密度为0.25 A/g时表现出258.7 F/g的非凡比电容，这归因于PEDOT掺杂诱导的增强电化学活性和f-CNPs高度发达的孔隙率的综合优势。使用掺杂5 wt% PEDOT的优化f-CNP-PEDOT作为活性材料制备了对称水系超级电容器器件，在1.4 V下表现出96.7 F/g的高电容，在2 A/g下进行10000次充放电循环后几乎保持其全部电荷，从而提供了最高的电极性能。此后，这项工作为f-CNP-PEDOT纳米复合材料在高能量密度超级电容器开发中的潜在应用铺平了道路。
