Nutrition, Pathophysiology and Pharmacology (NP3) Unit, Oniris, Nantes Atlantic College of Veterinary Medicine, Food Science and Engineering, Nantes, France.
Department of Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products, Division of Pharmaceutical Industries, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt.
PLoS One. 2024 Jul 26;19(7):e0306783. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0306783. eCollection 2024.
The prevention of obesity represents a major health and socio-economic challenge. Nutraceuticals are regularly highlighted for their beneficial effects in preventing the metabolic disturbances associated with obesity. However, few studies have described the combined action of nutraceutical mixtures combining polyphenols with alkaloids.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of long-term dietary supplementation with a mixture of Berberine, Citrus and Apple extracts (BCA) in the primary prevention of obesity and its metabolic and vascular complications in the obese Zucker rat, a spontaneous model of genetic obesity and insulin resistance.
Sixteen 8-week-old obese Zucker male rats were randomly divided into two groups: all rats received oral gavage daily either with water, untreated obese (U-ObZ) or BCA (BCA-ObZ) mixture for thirteen weeks. Morphological and metabolic parameters were measured along the study. Cumulative concentration-response curves to insulin, acetylcholine and phenylephrine were determined on isolated thoracic aorta. Colon permeability measurements were performed using the Ussing chamber technique. Fecal samples collected at the beginning and the end of the protocol were used as a template for amplification of the V3-V4 region of the 16S rDNA genes.
BCA supplementation reduced weight gain (p<0.05) and food intake (p<0.05) in the BCA-ObZ group rats compared to the U-ObZ group rats. It also improved glucose tolerance (p<0.001) and decreased fasting insulin and Homeostasis model assessment index (p<0.05). Through ex vivo experiments, the BCA mixture enhanced significantly aortic insulin relaxation (p<0.01), reduced α1-adrenoceptor-mediated vasoconstriction (p<0.01), and decreased distal colon permeability. Moreover, short-chain fatty acid producers such as Bacteroides, Blautia, and Akkermansia were found to be increased by the BCA mixture supplementation.
The results showed that a 13-week-supplementation with BCA mixture prevented weight gain and improved glucose metabolism in obese Zucker rats. We also demonstrated that BCA supplementation improved vascular function, colonic barrier permeability and gut microbiota profile.
肥胖的预防是一项重大的健康和社会经济挑战。营养保健品经常因其预防肥胖相关代谢紊乱的有益作用而受到关注。然而，很少有研究描述了结合多酚和生物碱的营养保健品混合物的联合作用。
本研究旨在评估长期饮食补充黄连素、柑橘和苹果提取物（BCA）混合物对肥胖 Zucker 大鼠肥胖及其代谢和血管并发症的一级预防作用，肥胖 Zucker 大鼠是一种遗传性肥胖和胰岛素抵抗的自发模型。
将 16 只 8 周龄肥胖 Zucker 雄性大鼠随机分为两组：所有大鼠均每日口服灌胃水或未处理肥胖（U-ObZ）或 BCA（BCA-ObZ）混合物 13 周。在研究过程中测量形态学和代谢参数。在分离的胸主动脉上测定胰岛素、乙酰胆碱和苯肾上腺素的累积浓度-反应曲线。使用 Ussing 室技术进行结肠通透性测量。在方案开始和结束时收集的粪便样本用作扩增 16S rDNA 基因 V3-V4 区的模板。
与 U-ObZ 组大鼠相比，BCA 补充剂可降低 BCA-ObZ 组大鼠的体重增加（p<0.05）和食物摄入（p<0.05）。它还改善了葡萄糖耐量（p<0.001），并降低了空腹胰岛素和稳态模型评估指数（p<0.05）。通过离体实验，BCA 混合物显著增强了主动脉胰岛素松弛（p<0.01），降低了α1-肾上腺素能受体介导的血管收缩（p<0.01），并降低了远端结肠通透性。此外，发现短链脂肪酸产生菌，如拟杆菌、布劳特氏菌和阿克曼氏菌，通过 BCA 混合物补充而增加。
结果表明，13 周补充 BCA 混合物可预防肥胖 Zucker 大鼠体重增加并改善葡萄糖代谢。我们还证明了 BCA 补充剂可改善血管功能、结肠屏障通透性和肠道微生物群谱。
