University of South Florida, Department of Communication Sciences & Disorders, 4202 East Fowler Avenue, PCD1017, Tampa, FL, 33620, United States.
J Fluency Disord. 2021 Dec;70:105841. doi: 10.1016/j.jfludis.2021.105841. Epub 2021 Feb 27.
Based on previous evidence that cognitive control of lexical selection in object (noun) naming operates differently in adults who stutter (AWS) versus typically-fluent adults (TFA), the aim was to investigate cognitive control of lexical selection in action (verb) naming in AWS.
12 AWS and 12 TFA named line drawings depicting actions using verbs. Half of the pictures had high-agreement action names and the other half low-agreement action names. Naming accuracy and reaction times (RT), and event-related potentials (ERPs) time-locked to picture onset, were compared between groups.
Naming RTs were slower for low- versus high-agreement trials, and the magnitude of this effect was larger in AWS versus TFA. Delta-plot analysis of naming RTs revealed that individual differences in selective inhibition were associated with the agreement effect on naming RTs in AWS but not TFA. Action naming elicited frontal-central N2 activity in both agreement conditions in TFA but not AWS. Additionally, a later, posterior P3b component was affected by agreement in TFA only. In AWS, low-agreement action naming elicited frontal P3a activation.
Results suggest that cognitive control of action name selection was qualitatively different between groups. In TFA, cognitive control of lexical selection in action naming involved nonselective inhibition, as well as more efficient working memory updating on high- versus low-agreement trials. In AWS, cognitive control of low-agreement action naming involved increased focal attention. Individual differences in selective inhibition may have moderated cognitive control of action naming in AWS.
基于先前的证据表明，在口吃成人（AWS）与典型流利成人（TFA）中，词汇选择的认知控制在物体（名词）命名中表现不同，本研究旨在调查 AWS 中动作（动词）命名的词汇选择的认知控制。
12 名 AWS 和 12 名 TFA 使用动词命名线图描绘的动作。一半的图片有高一致性的动作名称，另一半有低一致性的动作名称。比较组间命名准确性和反应时间（RT），以及与图片起始时间锁定的事件相关电位（ERP）。
低一致性试验的命名 RT 比高一致性试验慢，并且这种效应在 AWS 中比 TFA 中更大。命名 RT 的差级图分析表明，AWS 中选择性抑制的个体差异与命名 RT 的一致性效应相关，但在 TFA 中则没有。在 TFA 中，两种一致性条件下的动作命名都引起了额中央 N2 活动，但在 AWS 中则没有。此外，仅在 TFA 中，较晚的后部 P3b 成分受到一致性的影响。在 AWS 中，低一致性的动作命名引起了额部 P3a 激活。
结果表明，AWS 与 TFA 之间的动作命名认知控制在性质上有所不同。在 TFA 中，动作命名的词汇选择认知控制涉及非选择性抑制，以及在高一致性和低一致性试验上更有效的工作记忆更新。在 AWS 中，低一致性动作命名的认知控制涉及增加的焦点注意力。选择性抑制的个体差异可能调节了 AWS 中动作命名的认知控制。
