Yurtkal Aslihan, Canday Mujde
Faculty of Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Kafkas University, Kars 36000, Turkey.
Diagnostics (Basel). 2024 Jul 18;14(14):1553. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics14141553.
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrine disorder with significant metabolic implications, including an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes. Kallistatin, a serine proteinase inhibitor with anti-inflammatory and antioxidative properties, has been identified as a potential biomarker for PCOS due to its role in modulating inflammation and oxidative stress.
This prospective cohort study was conducted at a university hospital's gynecology clinic. It included 220 women diagnosed with PCOS and 220 healthy controls matched for age and body mass index. Kallistatin levels were quantitatively assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) techniques. Associations between kallistatin levels and clinical manifestations of PCOS, including hyperandrogenism and metabolic profiles, were examined.
Kallistatin levels were significantly lower in patients with PCOS (2.65 ± 1.84 ng/mL) compared to controls (6.12 ± 4.17 ng/mL; < 0.001). A strong negative correlation existed between kallistatin levels and androgen concentrations (r = -0.782, = 0.035). No significant associations were found between kallistatin levels and insulin resistance or lipid profiles.
The findings indicate that reduced kallistatin levels are closely associated with PCOS and could serve as a promising biomarker for its diagnosis. The specific correlation with hyperandrogenism suggests that kallistatin could be particularly effective for identifying PCOS subtypes characterized by elevated androgen levels. This study supports the potential of kallistatin in improving diagnostic protocols for PCOS, facilitating earlier and more accurate detection, which is crucial for effective management and treatment.
多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）是一种常见的内分泌疾病，具有重大的代谢影响，包括心血管疾病和糖尿病风险增加。激肽释放酶抑制蛋白是一种具有抗炎和抗氧化特性的丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂，因其在调节炎症和氧化应激中的作用，已被确定为PCOS的潜在生物标志物。
这项前瞻性队列研究在一家大学医院的妇科诊所进行。研究纳入了220名被诊断为PCOS的女性和220名年龄及体重指数相匹配的健康对照者。使用酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）技术定量评估激肽释放酶抑制蛋白水平。研究了激肽释放酶抑制蛋白水平与PCOS临床表现（包括高雄激素血症和代谢谱）之间的关联。
与对照组（6.12±4.17 ng/mL；P<0.001）相比，PCOS患者的激肽释放酶抑制蛋白水平显著降低（2.65±1.84 ng/mL）。激肽释放酶抑制蛋白水平与雄激素浓度之间存在强烈的负相关（r = -0.782，P = 0.035）。未发现激肽释放酶抑制蛋白水平与胰岛素抵抗或血脂谱之间存在显著关联。
研究结果表明，激肽释放酶抑制蛋白水平降低与PCOS密切相关，有望作为其诊断的生物标志物。与高雄激素血症的特定相关性表明，激肽释放酶抑制蛋白对于识别以雄激素水平升高为特征的PCOS亚型可能特别有效。本研究支持激肽释放酶抑制蛋白在改善PCOS诊断方案方面的潜力，有助于更早更准确地检测，这对有效管理和治疗至关重要。
