Pelliccia Antonio, Borrazzo Cristian, Maestrini Viviana, D'Ascenzi Flavio, Caselli Stefano, Lemme Erika, Squeo Maria Rosaria, Di Giacinto Barbara
The Institute of Sport Medicine and Science, Largo Piero Gabrielli 1, 00197, Rome, Italy.
Department of Public Health and Infectious Disease, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.
Eur J Appl Physiol. 2023 Apr;123(4):769-779. doi: 10.1007/s00421-022-05098-9. Epub 2022 Nov 30.
Whether cardiovascular (CV) risk factors might impact Left Ventricular (LV) mass in athletes is unknown.
The impact of CV risk factors (Total/LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, positive family history, smoking, body fat, blood pressure), constitutional characteristics (age, sex, body mass index) and type of sport was assessed in 1111 Olympic athletes.
Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated a significant impact: BMI ≥ 30 kg/m (odds ratio [OR] = 2.8. 95° Confidence Interval [CI] 0.9-13.7; < 0.001; in males); age ≥ 20-year (OR = 2.1, CI 1.4-3.3; p < 0.001) in males; (OR = 2.3; CI 1.4-3.7) in females; systolic blood pressure ≥ 130 mmHg (OR = 1.1, CI 1.01-1.16; p < 0.001) in males; (OR = 1.03; CI 1.01-1.06; p < 0.03) in females; diastolic ≥ 85 mmHg (OR = 1.1, CI 1.03-1.2; p = 0.003) in males; (OR = 1.05, CI 1.02-1.08, p < 0.001) in females. No association was found for family history, smoking, body fat, LDL, total cholesterol, triglycerides. Overall, constitutional traits explain > 60% of the LV mass. Sport explains on average 14%, but large differences existed among disciplines, i.e., endurance showed the highest impact (55%, mixed: 20%, power: 17%, skill: 8%; p < 0.001).
LV mass in athletes is largely governed by constitutional traits and type of sport, and independent from CV risk factors, except for systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Overall, constitutional traits explain more than 60% of LV mass. The impact of sport is largely different in relation to the discipline, and highest in endurance, moderate mixed and power and mild in skill disciplines.
心血管（CV）危险因素是否会影响运动员的左心室（LV）质量尚不清楚。
对1111名奥运会运动员评估了CV危险因素（总胆固醇/低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、甘油三酯、家族史阳性、吸烟、体脂、血压）、体质特征（年龄、性别、体重指数）和运动类型的影响。
多因素逻辑回归分析显示有显著影响：男性体重指数（BMI）≥30kg/m²（比值比[OR]=2.8，95%置信区间[CI]0.9-13.7；P<0.001）；男性年龄≥20岁（OR=2.1，CI 1.4-3.3；P<0.001）；女性（OR=2.3；CI 1.4-3.7）；男性收缩压≥130mmHg（OR=1.1，CI 1.01-1.16；P<0.001）；女性（OR=1.03；CI 1.01-1.06；P<0.03）；男性舒张压≥85mmHg（OR=1.1，CI 1.03-1.2；P=0.003）；女性（OR=1.05，CI 1.02-1.08，P<0.001）。未发现家族史、吸烟、体脂、低密度脂蛋白、总胆固醇、甘油三酯之间存在关联。总体而言，体质特征解释了左心室质量的60%以上。运动平均解释14%，但不同项目之间存在很大差异，即耐力项目影响最大（55%），混合项目为20%，力量项目为17%，技巧项目为8%；P<0.001）。
运动员的左心室质量在很大程度上受体质特征和运动类型的支配，除收缩压和舒张压外，与CV危险因素无关。总体而言，体质特征解释了左心室质量的60%以上。运动的影响因项目而异，在耐力项目中影响最大，在混合项目和力量项目中适中，在技巧项目中较小。
