Dallatana Alessia, Cremonesi Linda, Pezzini Francesco, Fontana Gianluca, Innamorati Giulio, Giacomello Luca
Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy.
Biomedicines. 2024 Jul 15;12(7):1567. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines12071567.
Stem cell therapy has the potential to meet unsolved problems in tissue repair and regeneration, particularly in the neural tissues. However, an optimal source has not yet been found. Growing evidence indicates that positive effects produced in vivo by mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be due not only to their plasticity but also to secreted molecules including extracellular vesicles (EVs) and the extracellular matrix (ECM). Trophic effects produced by MSCs may reveal the key to developing effective tissue-repair strategies, including approaches based on brain implants or other implantable neural electrodes. In this sense, MSCs will become increasingly valuable and needed in the future. The placenta is a temporary organ devoted to protecting and supporting the fetus. At the same time, the placenta represents an abundant and extremely convenient source of MSCs. Nonetheless, placenta-derived MSCs (P-MSCs) remain understudied as compared to MSCs isolated from other sources. This review outlines the limited literature describing the neuroregenerative effects of P-MSC-derived biomaterials and advocates for exploiting the potential of this untapped source for human regenerative therapies.
干细胞疗法有潜力解决组织修复和再生中尚未解决的问题，尤其是在神经组织方面。然而，尚未找到最佳来源。越来越多的证据表明，间充质干细胞（MSCs）在体内产生的积极作用不仅可能归因于其可塑性，还可能归因于分泌的分子，包括细胞外囊泡（EVs）和细胞外基质（ECM）。MSCs产生的营养作用可能揭示了开发有效组织修复策略的关键，包括基于脑植入物或其他可植入神经电极的方法。从这个意义上说，MSCs在未来将变得越来越有价值且不可或缺。胎盘是一个致力于保护和支持胎儿的临时器官。同时，胎盘是MSCs的丰富且极其便利的来源。尽管如此，与从其他来源分离的MSCs相比，胎盘来源的MSCs（P-MSCs）仍未得到充分研究。本综述概述了描述P-MSC衍生生物材料神经再生作用的有限文献，并主张挖掘这一未开发来源在人类再生疗法中的潜力。
