Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Parasitology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil.
Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Barra do Garças 31270-901, Brazil.
Biomolecules. 2024 Jun 24;14(7):744. doi: 10.3390/biom14070744.
Giardiasis is a parasitic disease caused by () that affects people worldwide. Still, few studies report on the immunoregulatory effects of the biomolecules of colostrum during interactions with . This study aimed to assess the concentrations of melatonin and cortisol hormones, the percentage of Treg cells, and the levels of cytokines IL-10 and TGF-β in colostrum from mothers who tested positive for the parasite. This cross-sectional study analyzed colostrum samples from 25 puerperal. The samples were tested using an ELISA to determine if they were seropositive for and the type of antibody present (IgM and IgG). Based on the results, the samples were divided into three groups: a control group (N = 10) with no reaction to either IgM or IgG, a group seropositive for IgG (IgG/IgM; N = 8), and a group seropositive for IgM (IgM/IgG; N = 7). The concentrations of melatonin and cortisol were measured using the ELISA method. Additionally, cytokines IL-10 and TGF-β and immunophenotyping were analyzed using flow cytometry. In the group that tested positive for IgM anti-, the concentration of melatonin was lower. However, in the colostrum from mothers who tested positive for IgG anti-, the level of this hormone had increased. The cortisol levels were similar between the groups, regardless of seropositivity. There was a higher percentage of Treg cells in the colostrum from mothers who tested positive for IgM anti-. TGF-β levels also increased in the colostrum of mothers who tested positive for IgM anti-. In the seronegative group for , there was a positive correlation between melatonin concentration and the percentage of Treg cells. These data suggest that the increase in regulatory cells and cytokines and the reduction in melatonin in colostrum from mothers with recent giardia infection may contribute to the evolution and manifestation of the disease.
贾第虫病是一种由 （）引起的寄生虫病，影响着全世界的人群。然而，很少有研究报道初乳中的生物分子在与 相互作用时的免疫调节作用。本研究旨在评估寄生虫检测阳性的产妇初乳中的褪黑素和皮质醇激素浓度、Treg 细胞百分比以及细胞因子 IL-10 和 TGF-β 的水平。这项横断面研究分析了 25 名产褥期妇女的初乳样本。使用 ELISA 检测这些样本，以确定它们是否对 呈血清阳性以及存在的抗体类型（IgM 和 IgG）。根据结果，将样本分为三组：对照组（N=10），既对 IgM 也对 IgG 无反应；IgG 阳性组（IgG/IgM；N=8）和 IgM 阳性组（IgM/IgG；N=7）。使用 ELISA 法测量褪黑素和皮质醇的浓度。此外，使用流式细胞术分析细胞因子 IL-10 和 TGF-β以及免疫表型。在 IgM 抗- 阳性组中，褪黑素的浓度较低。然而，在 IgG 抗- 阳性的产妇初乳中，这种激素的水平增加了。各组之间的皮质醇水平相似，与血清阳性无关。在 IgM 抗- 阳性的产妇初乳中，Treg 细胞的百分比更高。在 IgM 抗- 阳性的产妇初乳中，TGF-β 水平也增加了。在 阴性组中，褪黑素浓度与 Treg 细胞百分比之间存在正相关。这些数据表明，在近期感染贾第虫的产妇初乳中，调节细胞和细胞因子的增加以及褪黑素的减少可能有助于疾病的发展和表现。
