Cognitive Disorder Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, 214 28 Malmö, Sweden.
Department of Internal Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, 205 02 Malmö, Sweden.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Jul 12;25(14):7665. doi: 10.3390/ijms25147665.
Pancreas-derived islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) aggregates and deposits in the pancreas and periphery of Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) patients, contributing to diabetic complications. The excess IAPP can be removed by autoantibodies, and increased levels of immunoglobulin (Ig) G against IAPP have been reported in T2D patients. However, whether other Ig classes are also affected and if the levels can be managed is less known. This pre-post study examines IgA levels against IAPP oligomers (IAPP-IgA) in T2D patients and assesses the impact of the Okinawa-based Nordic (O-BN) diet-a low-carbohydrate, high-fiber diet-on these levels after following the diet for 3 months. IAPP, IAPP-IgA, and total IgA levels were measured in plasma and fecal samples from = 30 T2D patients collected at baseline, after 3 months of diet, and after additional 4 months of unrestricted diets (a clinical follow-up). The IAPP and IAPP-IgA levels were significantly lower after 3 months, with the latter also being significantly reduced at the clinical follow-up. The reduction in plasma IAPP and IAPP-IgA levels correlated with reductions in plasma levels of metabolic and inflammatory markers. Hence, following the O-BN diet for at least 3 months is sufficient to reduce circulating IAPP and IAPP-IgA levels, which may be principal in managing T2D.
胰腺衍生的胰岛淀粉样多肽 (IAPP) 在 2 型糖尿病 (T2D) 患者的胰腺和外周组织中聚集和沉积，导致糖尿病并发症。过量的 IAPP 可以被自身抗体清除，并且在 T2D 患者中已经报道了针对 IAPP 的免疫球蛋白 (Ig) G 水平升高。然而，其他 Ig 类是否也受到影响以及这些水平是否可以得到控制尚不清楚。这项前瞻性研究检查了 T2D 患者针对 IAPP 低聚物 (IAPP-IgA) 的 IgA 水平，并评估了基于冲绳的北欧 (O-BN) 饮食——一种低碳水化合物、高纤维饮食——对这些水平的影响在遵循饮食 3 个月后。在基线、饮食 3 个月后和无限制饮食的临床随访（额外 4 个月）时，从 30 名 T2D 患者中收集了血浆和粪便样本，测量了 IAPP、IAPP-IgA 和总 IgA 水平。饮食 3 个月后，IAPP 和 IAPP-IgA 水平显著降低，后者在临床随访时也显著降低。血浆 IAPP 和 IAPP-IgA 水平的降低与代谢和炎症标志物血浆水平的降低相关。因此，遵循 O-BN 饮食至少 3 个月足以降低循环 IAPP 和 IAPP-IgA 水平，这可能是管理 T2D 的主要因素。
