Ćurko Natka, Perić Katarina, Vukušić Pavičić Tomislava, Balbino Sandra, Tomašević Marina, Iveković Damir, Radojčić Redovniković Ivana, Kovačević Ganić Karin
Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
Foods. 2024 Jul 22;13(14):2299. doi: 10.3390/foods13142299.
Pretreatment of grape pomace seeds with a pulsed electric field (PEF) was applied to improve the extraction yield of cold-pressed grape seed oil. The effects of different PEF conditions, electric field intensities (12.5, 14.0 and 15.6 kV/cm), and durations (15 and 30 min) on the oil chemical composition were also studied. All PEF pretreatments significantly increased the oil yield, flow rate and concentration of total sterols ( < 0.05). In addition, similar trends were observed for total tocochromanols and phenolic compounds, except for PEF pretreatment under the mildest conditions (12.5 kV/cm, 15 min) ( < 0.05). Notably, the application of 15.6 kV/cm for 30 min resulted in the highest relative increase in oil yield and flow rate (29.6% and 56.5%, respectively) and in the concentrations of total tocochromanols, nonflavonoids, and flavonoids (22.1%, 60.2% and 81.5%, respectively). In addition, the highest relative increase in the concentration of total sterols (25.4%) was achieved by applying 12.5 kV/cm for 30 min. The fatty acid composition of the grape seed oil remained largely unaffected by the PEF pretreatments. These results show that PEF pretreatment effectively improves both the yield and the bioactive properties of cold-pressed grape seed oil.
采用脉冲电场（PEF）对葡萄渣种子进行预处理，以提高冷榨葡萄籽油的提取率。还研究了不同PEF条件、电场强度（12.5、14.0和15.6 kV/cm）和持续时间（15和30分钟）对油化学成分的影响。所有PEF预处理均显著提高了油产量、流速和总甾醇浓度（P<0.05）。此外，除了在最温和条件（12.5 kV/cm，15分钟）下进行的PEF预处理外，总生育三烯酚和酚类化合物也观察到类似趋势（P<0.05）。值得注意的是，在15.6 kV/cm下处理30分钟导致油产量和流速的相对增加最高（分别为29.6%和56.5%），以及总生育三烯酚、非黄酮类化合物和黄酮类化合物的浓度（分别为22.1%、60.2%和81.5%）。此外，在12.5 kV/cm下处理30分钟，总甾醇浓度的相对增加最高（25.4%）。葡萄籽油的脂肪酸组成在很大程度上不受PEF预处理的影响。这些结果表明，PEF预处理有效地提高了冷榨葡萄籽油的产量和生物活性特性。
