Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44037 Kaunas, Lithuania.
Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital of Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas Clinics, 50161 Kaunas, Lithuania.
Medicina (Kaunas). 2024 Jun 21;60(7):1022. doi: 10.3390/medicina60071022.
: Myopia is the most widespread ocular disorder globally and its prevalence has been increasing over the past decades. Atropine eye drops stand out as the only pharmacological intervention used in clinical practice to control myopia progression. The aim of this study was to explore the effect of 0.01% atropine eye drops on myopia progression. : Healthy children aged 6-12 years with cycloplegic spherical equivalent (SE) from -0.5 D to -5.0 D and astigmatism ≤1.5 D were included. Myopia progression was assessed by changes in SE and axial length (AL) over 1 year and SE changes 1 year before the study enrollment and during the 1-year follow-up. Adverse events were evaluated based on complaints reported by either parents or the children themselves during follow-up visits. : The analysis involved 55 patients in the 0.01% atropine eye drops group and 66 in the control group. After the 1-year follow-up, the change in SE was -0.50 (-2.25-0.50) D in the control group compared to -0.50 (-1.50-0.50) D in the 0.01% atropine group ( = 0.935); AL change was 0.31 (0.18) mm in the control group and 0.29 (0.18) mm in the 0.01% atropine group ( = 0.480). The change in SE was -0.68 (-2.0--0.25) D/year before the study and remained similar -0.50 (-2.25-0.25) D over the 1-year follow-up in the control group ( = 0.111); SE change was reduced from -1.01 (-2.0--0.25) D/year before the study to -0.50 (-1.5-0.5) D over the 1-year follow-up in the 0.01% atropine group ( < 0.001). In the 0.01% atropine group, ten (16.4%) children experienced mild adverse events, including blurred near vision, ocular discomfort, photophobia, dry eyes, and anisocoria. : Compared to the control group, the administration of 0.01% atropine eye drops demonstrated no significant effect on changes in SE and AL over a 1-year follow-up. However, children in the 0.01% atropine group initially experienced higher myopia progression, which decreased with treatment over the course of 1 year. Future studies should explore the long-term effects, rebound effects, potential genetic associations, and efficacy of higher doses of atropine in managing myopia progression.
近视是全球最普遍的眼部疾病，其患病率在过去几十年中一直在上升。阿托品眼药水是唯一一种在临床实践中用于控制近视进展的药物干预手段。本研究旨在探讨 0.01%阿托品眼药水对近视进展的影响。
纳入年龄为 6-12 岁、睫状肌麻痹等效球镜（SE）为-0.5D 至-5.0D 且散光≤1.5D 的健康儿童。通过 SE 和眼轴长度（AL）在 1 年内的变化以及研究入组前 1 年和 1 年随访期间 SE 的变化评估近视进展。根据随访期间父母或儿童自己报告的不良反应进行评估。
该分析涉及 0.01%阿托品眼药水组的 55 例患者和对照组的 66 例患者。在 1 年随访后，对照组 SE 的变化为-0.50（-2.25 至 0.50）D，而 0.01%阿托品组为-0.50（-1.50 至 0.50）D（=0.935）；对照组 AL 的变化为 0.31（0.18）mm，0.01%阿托品组为 0.29（0.18）mm（=0.480）。研究前 SE 的变化为-0.68（-2.0 至-0.25）D/年，对照组在 1 年随访期间保持相似的-0.50（-2.25 至-0.25）D（=0.111）；0.01%阿托品组的 SE 变化从研究前的-1.01（-2.0 至-0.25）D/年减少至 1 年随访期间的-0.50（-1.5 至 0.5）D（<0.001）。在 0.01%阿托品组，10 名（16.4%）儿童出现轻度不良反应，包括视力模糊、眼部不适、畏光、眼睛干燥和瞳孔不等大。
与对照组相比，0.01%阿托品眼药水在 1 年随访期间对 SE 和 AL 的变化没有显著影响。然而，0.01%阿托品组的儿童最初经历了更高的近视进展，随着治疗的进行，这种进展在 1 年内逐渐减少。未来的研究应探讨长期效果、反弹效应、潜在的遗传关联以及更高剂量阿托品在管理近视进展方面的疗效。
