Second Department of Ophthalmology, Attikon University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece.
First Department of Ophthalmology, "G. Gennimatas" Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece.
Medicina (Kaunas). 2024 Jul 10;60(7):1117. doi: 10.3390/medicina60071117.
: Several studies suggest the complex relationship between Endothelin-1 (ET-1) levels with various types of glaucoma. This systematic review and meta-analysis explore ET-1 levels in plasma and aqueous humor among different types of glaucoma. : A literature search (PubMed, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library) was made up to April 2024 (PROSPERO: CRD42023430471). The results were synthesized according to PRISMA Guidelines. Results were presented as standardized mean differences (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). : A total of 2597 subjects (1513 patients with glaucoma vs. 1084 healthy controls) from 23 studies were included in a meta-analysis. Notably, patients with glaucoma reported significantly higher plasma levels of ET-1 compared to controls (SMD: 1.21, 95% CI: 0.59-1.82, < 0.001). Particularly, plasma ET-1 levels were higher in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) (SMD: 0.87, 95% CI: 0.09-1.65, < 0.05), normal-tension glaucoma (SMD: 0.86, 95% CI: 0.27-1.46, = 0.05), and angle-closure glaucoma patients (SMD: 1.03, 95% CI: 0.43-1.63, < 0.001) compared to healthy controls. Moreover, ET-1 aqueous humor levels were significantly higher in patients with glaucoma compared to controls (SMD: 1.60, 95% CI: 1.04-2.15, < 0.001). In particular, aqueous humor levels were higher in POAG patients (SMD: 2.03 95% CI: 1.00-3.14, < 0.001), and pseudoexfoliative glaucoma patients (SMD: 2.03, 95% CI: 1.00-3.07, < 0.001) compared to controls. : This meta-analysis indicates that elevated levels of ET-1 plasma and aqueous humor are significantly associated with different types of glaucoma. The pathogenesis of ET-1-related mechanisms may vary across different glaucoma types, indicating that possible therapeutic approaches targeting ET-1 pathways should be tailored to each specific glaucoma type.
: 多项研究表明，内皮素-1（ET-1）水平与各种类型的青光眼之间存在复杂关系。本系统评价和荟萃分析探讨了不同类型青光眼患者血浆和房水中的 ET-1 水平。 : 截至 2024 年 4 月，我们对文献（PubMed、ScienceDirect、Cochrane Library）进行了检索（PROSPERO：CRD42023430471）。结果根据 PRISMA 指南进行了综合。结果以标准化均数差值（SMD）和 95%置信区间（CI）表示。 : 共有 2597 名受试者（1513 名青光眼患者与 1084 名健康对照者）纳入荟萃分析。值得注意的是，与对照组相比，青光眼患者的血浆 ET-1 水平显著升高（SMD：1.21，95%CI：0.59-1.82，<0.001）。特别是，原发性开角型青光眼（POAG）（SMD：0.87，95%CI：0.09-1.65，<0.05）、正常眼压型青光眼（SMD：0.86，95%CI：0.27-1.46，=0.05）和闭角型青光眼患者（SMD：1.03，95%CI：0.43-1.63，<0.001）的血浆 ET-1 水平显著升高。此外，与对照组相比，青光眼患者的房水 ET-1 水平显著升高（SMD：1.60，95%CI：1.04-2.15，<0.001）。特别是，POAG 患者（SMD：2.03，95%CI：1.00-3.14，<0.001）和假性剥脱性青光眼患者（SMD：2.03，95%CI：1.00-3.07，<0.001）的房水 ET-1 水平显著升高。 : 本荟萃分析表明，血浆和房水中 ET-1 水平升高与不同类型的青光眼显著相关。ET-1 相关机制的发病机制可能因不同类型的青光眼而异，这表明针对 ET-1 通路的可能治疗方法应针对每种特定的青光眼类型进行定制。
