Elzanaty Kholoud A, Omran Gamal A, Elmahallawy Ehab Kotb, Albrakati Ashraf, Saleh Ayman A, Dahran Naief, Alhegaili Alaa S, Salahuddin Ahmad, Abd-El-Azim Heba, Noreldin Ahmed, Okda Tarek M
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt.
Grupo de Investigación en Sanidad Animal y Zoonosis (GISAZ), Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Universidad de Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain.
Pharmaceutics. 2024 Jul 13;16(7):937. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16070937.
There is a growing interest in discovering natural sources of anti-cancer drugs. Sesamol (SES) is a phenolic compound with antitumor effects. The present study aimed to investigate the anticancer properties of SES and its nano-suspensions (SES-NS) combined with Epirubicin (EPI) in breast cancer (BC) using mice bearing a solid Ehrlich tumor. The study involved 35 female albino mice and investigated the effects of SES and EPI on tumor growth, proliferation, apoptosis, autophagy, angiogenesis, and oxidative stress. Methods including ELISA, qRT-PCR, and immunohistochemistry were utilized. The findings revealed reductions in tumor growth and proliferation using SES either alone or combined and evidenced by decreased AKT (AKT Serine/Threonine kinase1) levels, angiogenesis indicated by lower levels of VEGFR (vascular endothelial growth factor), and apoptosis demonstrated by elevated caspase3 and BAX levels. Furthermore, autophagy increased and was indicated by increased levels of beclin1 and lc3, along with decreased oxidative stress as evidenced by elevated TAC (total antioxidant capacity) and reduced MDA (malondialdehyde) levels. Interestingly, SES-NS demonstrated more significant effects at lower doses. In summary, this study underscores the potential of SES as a promising agent for BC treatment. Moreover, SES-NS potentiated the beneficial effects of EPI while mitigating its adverse effects.
人们对发现抗癌药物的天然来源越来越感兴趣。芝麻酚（SES）是一种具有抗肿瘤作用的酚类化合物。本研究旨在利用携带实体艾氏瘤的小鼠，研究SES及其纳米混悬液（SES-NS）与表柔比星（EPI）联合应用于乳腺癌（BC）的抗癌特性。该研究涉及35只雌性白化小鼠，研究了SES和EPI对肿瘤生长、增殖、凋亡、自噬、血管生成和氧化应激的影响。采用了包括酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）、定量逆转录聚合酶链反应（qRT-PCR）和免疫组织化学在内的方法。研究结果显示，单独使用或联合使用SES均可使肿瘤生长和增殖减少，这通过AKT（AKT丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶1）水平降低得到证实；血管生成减少，这通过血管内皮生长因子受体（VEGFR）水平降低得到体现；凋亡增加，则通过半胱天冬酶3（caspase3）和BAX水平升高得以证明。此外，自噬增加，这通过贝克林1（beclin1）和微管相关蛋白1轻链3（lc3）水平升高得以表明，同时氧化应激降低，这通过总抗氧化能力（TAC）升高和丙二醛（MDA）水平降低得到证实。有趣的是，SES-NS在较低剂量时显示出更显著的效果。总之，本研究强调了SES作为一种有前景的BC治疗药物的潜力。此外，SES-NS增强了EPI的有益作用，同时减轻了其不良反应。
