Thongrong Sitthisak, Promsrisuk Tichanon, Sriraksa Napatr, Surapinit Serm, Jittiwat Jinatta, Kongsui Ratchaniporn
Division of Anatomy, School of Medical Sciences, University of Phayao, Muang Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand.
Division of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Phayao, Muang Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand.
Biomed Rep. 2024 Jul 8;21(3):130. doi: 10.3892/br.2024.1818. eCollection 2024 Sep.
Pinostrobin, a key bioactive compound found in the medicinal plant (L.), has been noted for its beneficial biological properties including antioxidant, anti-inflammation, anti-cancer and anti-amnesia activities. In view of this, the present study purposed to evaluate the neuroprotective potential of pinostrobin in reversing scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment involving oxidative stress and cholinergic function in rats. A total of 30 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups (n=6): Group 1 received vehicle as a control, group 2 received vehicle + scopolamine (3 mg/kg, i.p.), group 3 received pinostrobin (20 mg/kg, p.o.) + scopolamine, group 4 received pinostrobin (40 mg/kg, p.o.) + scopolamine and group 5 received donepezil (5 mg/kg, p.o.) + scopolamine. Treatments were administered orally to the rats for 14 days. During the final 7 days of treatment, a daily injection of scopolamine was administered. Scopolamine impaired learning and memory performance, as measured by the novel object recognition test and the Y-maze test. Additionally, oxidative stress marker levels, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and glutamate receptor 1 (GluR1) expression were determined. Consequently, the findings demonstrated that the administration of pinostrobin (20 and 40 mg/kg) markedly improved cognitive function as indicated by an increase in recognition index and by spontaneous alternation behaviour. Pinostrobin also modulated the levels of oxidative stress by causing a decrease in malondialdehyde levels accompanied by increases in superoxide dismutase and glutathione activities. Similarly, pinostrobin markedly enhanced cholinergic function by decreasing AChE activity and promoting ChAT immunoreactivity in the hippocampus. Additionally, the reduction in GluR1 expression due to scopolamine was diminished by treatment with pinostrobin. The findings indicated that pinostrobin exhibited a significant restoration of scopolamine-induced memory impairment by regulating oxidative stress and cholinergic system function. Thus, pinostrobin could serve as a potential therapeutic agent for the management of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease.
匹诺司他汀是从药用植物（此处原文未完整给出植物名称）中发现的一种关键生物活性化合物，因其具有抗氧化、抗炎、抗癌和抗失忆等有益生物学特性而受到关注。鉴于此，本研究旨在评估匹诺司他汀在逆转东莨菪碱诱导的大鼠认知功能障碍（涉及氧化应激和胆碱能功能）方面的神经保护潜力。总共30只雄性Wistar大鼠被随机分为五组（每组n = 6）：第1组接受赋形剂作为对照，第2组接受赋形剂 + 东莨菪碱（3 mg/kg，腹腔注射），第3组接受匹诺司他汀（20 mg/kg，口服） + 东莨菪碱，第4组接受匹诺司他汀（40 mg/kg，口服） + 东莨菪碱，第5组接受多奈哌齐（5 mg/kg，口服） + 东莨菪碱。对大鼠进行为期14天的口服给药治疗。在治疗的最后7天，每天注射东莨菪碱。通过新物体识别试验和Y迷宫试验测定发现，东莨菪碱损害了学习和记忆能力。此外，还测定了氧化应激标志物水平、乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）活性、胆碱乙酰转移酶（ChAT）和谷氨酸受体1（GluR1）的表达。结果表明，给予匹诺司他汀（20和40 mg/kg）可显著改善认知功能，表现为识别指数增加和自发交替行为增加。匹诺司他汀还通过降低丙二醛水平，同时提高超氧化物歧化酶和谷胱甘肽活性来调节氧化应激水平。同样，匹诺司他汀通过降低AChE活性并促进海马体中的ChAT免疫反应性，显著增强胆碱能功能。此外，匹诺司他汀治疗可减轻东莨菪碱导致的GluR1表达降低情况。研究结果表明，匹诺司他汀通过调节氧化应激和胆碱能系统功能，对东莨菪碱诱导的记忆损伤具有显著的恢复作用。因此，匹诺司他汀可作为治疗阿尔茨海默病等神经退行性疾病的潜在治疗药物。
