Mohammed Mohammed Jasim, Al-Mizraqchi Abbas S, Ibrahim Salah M
Department of Oral Medicine College of Dentistry University of Baghdad, Bab-Almoadham, P.O. Box 1417, Baghdad, Iraq.
Department of Basic Science College of Dentistry University of Baghdad, Bab-Almoadham, P.O. Box 1417, Baghdad, Iraq.
Int J Microbiol. 2024 Jul 19;2024:8177437. doi: 10.1155/2024/8177437. eCollection 2024.
Type 2 diabetes is a condition in which the body becomes resistant to the effects of insulin, leading to reduced insulin production in the pancreas. It has genetic- and family-related risk factors that cannot be changed, along with modifiable lifestyle factors. The precise genetic causes of type 2 diabetes are still unknown. However, individuals can potentially slow or stop the progression of the condition by making dietary adjustments and increasing physical activity levels. . Forty-five type II diabetic patients in the study included participants between 40 and 60 years old, with a minimum duration of one year, as well as 45 healthy control subjects who were matched in terms of age and sex, and had no underlying systemic diseases. Oral examination is done for the symptoms including burning sensation, candidiasis, and a reduction in the production of saliva. The rate of saliva flow (in milliliters per minute) was measured in samples of saliva that were not stimulated. The salivary trace elements and levels of adipocytokines were evaluated using colorimetric and Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (ELISA) testing. The quantification of colony numbers, an enrichment and culture approach, was used to achieve a concentration of 100,000 colony-forming units per milliliter (CFU/ml). The ShowNovo WG1 halimeter was used to measure volatile sulfur compounds in breath. The salivary glucose oxidase assay was conducted using a colorimetric technique, while the determination of trace elements was also performed using a colorimetric assay method.
The diabetic group exhibited a significant increase in the number of spp colonies due to elevated levels of glucose in the saliva ( > 0.05). However, the variables being examined, such as body mass index (BMI), burning mouth syndrome (BMS), salivary flow rate (SFR), salivary leptin, salivary copper, and salivary magnesium, did not exhibit any significant variations in quantities between the diabetic and healthy groups ( > 0.05).
The data collected in this research aid in the creation of a preventative program for oral fungal infections in individuals with type 2 diabetes. The program utilizes saliva and its constituents.
2型糖尿病是一种身体对胰岛素作用产生抵抗，导致胰腺胰岛素分泌减少的病症。它具有无法改变的遗传和家族相关风险因素，以及可改变的生活方式因素。2型糖尿病的确切遗传原因仍然未知。然而，个体可以通过调整饮食和增加身体活动水平来潜在地减缓或阻止病情发展。该研究中的45名II型糖尿病患者年龄在40至60岁之间，病程至少一年，还有45名年龄和性别匹配且无潜在系统性疾病的健康对照受试者。针对包括烧灼感、念珠菌病和唾液分泌减少等症状进行口腔检查。在未受刺激的唾液样本中测量唾液流速（每分钟毫升数）。使用比色法和乙二胺四乙酸（ELISA）检测评估唾液微量元素和脂肪细胞因子水平。采用富集培养法对菌落数进行定量，以达到每毫升100,000个菌落形成单位（CFU/ml）的浓度。使用ShowNovo WG1口臭仪测量呼出气体中的挥发性硫化合物。采用比色技术进行唾液葡萄糖氧化酶测定，同时也使用比色测定法测定微量元素。
由于唾液中葡萄糖水平升高，糖尿病组spp菌落数量显著增加（>0.05）。然而，所检查的变量，如体重指数（BMI）、灼口综合征（BMS）、唾液流速（SFR）、唾液瘦素、唾液铜和唾液镁，在糖尿病组和健康组之间的数量上没有表现出任何显著差异（>0.05）。
本研究收集的数据有助于为2型糖尿病患者制定口腔真菌感染预防方案。该方案利用唾液及其成分。
