School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2024 Jun;34(6):e14680. doi: 10.1111/sms.14680.
The aim of this study was to investigate prospective associations between participation in sports/recreational activities and the occurrence of moderate-to-severe psychological distress over 2 years in a sample of mid-aged Australians.
This prospective study used data from 6699 adults aged 40+ years, living in Brisbane in 2007, and surveyed in 2009, 2011 and 2013. Participants provided self-reported data on frequency of participation in each of 11 sports/recreational activities in past 12 months and completed the Kessler Psychological Distress 6-item Scale (K6). Generalized estimating equation (GEE) models with a 2-year lag were used to assess the associations of participation in sports/recreational activities in 2009 and 2011 with new cases of moderate-to-severe psychological distress (K6 score ≥ 5) in 2011 and 2013.
From 2009 to 2013, 22.4% of participants without moderate-to-severe psychological distress at baseline (N = 4943) developed this outcome in at least one survey. Overall, there were no clear patterns of association between frequency of participation in sports and recreational activities and occurrence of moderate-to-severe psychological distress. In unadjusted models, weekly participation in some activities (e.g., tennis, golf, and exercise classes) was associated with reduced odds of moderate-to-severe psychological distress over the next 2 years, but these associations were attenuated in most adjusted models with sociodemographic, lifestyle, and health covariates. Participation in home-based exercise and running/jogging were associated with higher odds of psychological distress.
Our findings do not provide strong evidence of beneficial associations of frequency of sport/recreational activities with psychological distress but show surprising negative associations of home-based exercise and running/jogging with occurrence of moderate-to-severe psychological distress over 2 years.
本研究旨在调查参与体育/娱乐活动与中度至重度心理困扰在 2 年内发生的前瞻性关联，该研究样本为澳大利亚中年人群。
这项前瞻性研究使用了 2007 年居住在布里斯班的 6699 名 40 岁以上成年人的数据，他们在 2009 年、2011 年和 2013 年接受了调查。参与者提供了过去 12 个月中每种体育/娱乐活动的参与频率的自我报告数据，并完成了 Kessler 心理困扰 6 项量表（K6）。使用具有 2 年滞后的广义估计方程（GEE）模型，评估了 2009 年和 2011 年体育/娱乐活动的参与与 2011 年和 2013 年新出现的中度至重度心理困扰（K6 得分≥5）的关联。
从 2009 年到 2013 年，没有基线中度至重度心理困扰（N=4943）的参与者中，有 22.4%在至少一项调查中出现了这种结果。总体而言，参与体育和娱乐活动的频率与发生中度至重度心理困扰之间没有明显的关联模式。在未调整的模型中，每周参与某些活动（如网球、高尔夫和健身课程）与未来 2 年内中度至重度心理困扰的几率降低有关，但这些关联在大多数调整后的模型中随着社会人口统计学、生活方式和健康协变量而减弱。参与家庭锻炼和跑步/慢跑与更高的心理困扰几率有关。
我们的研究结果没有提供强有力的证据表明体育/娱乐活动频率与心理困扰之间存在有益的关联，但显示出家庭锻炼和跑步/慢跑与 2 年内发生中度至重度心理困扰之间存在令人惊讶的负相关。
