School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Brisbane 4122, Australia.
Centre for Mental Health, Griffith University, Brisbane 4122, Australia.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Oct 28;19(21):14052. doi: 10.3390/ijerph192114052.
Psychological distress is highly prevalent and associated with significant adverse health outcomes and economic burden. Mastery and physical activity are potential resources to reduce distress and promote wellbeing; however, previous research has not examined their potential interactive relationship over time. The purpose of this study was to explore associations between mastery, physical activity, and distress in mid-aged adults over nine years. Data from a longitudinal mail survey study including the Kessler 6, Pearlin Mastery Scale, and items assessing time spent in physical activity were examined in a sample of 4404 adults aged 40 to 54 years at baseline. Group-Based Trajectory Models identified two distinct trajectories of psychological distress (elevated and low). Generalized Estimating Equations were used to assess mastery and physical activity, adjusting for sociodemographic and health variables, as predictors for the probability of distress group membership. The odds of elevated distress over time were significantly reduced in people with higher mastery (OR = 0.13; 95% 0.11-0.15) and doing at least 150 min/week of physical activity (OR = 0.81; 95% 0.68-0.96). There was no significant interaction between mastery and physical activity. Mastery and physical activity may be important resources to mitigate distress and further research is needed to evaluate interventions promoting these resources and the impact on mid-aged adults experiencing psychological distress.
心理困扰的发生率很高，与严重的健康结果和经济负担有关。掌握和身体活动是减轻困扰和促进健康的潜在资源；然而，以前的研究并没有考察它们在时间上的潜在相互关系。本研究的目的是探讨中年成年人在九年中掌握、身体活动与困扰之间的关联。在一项包括 Kessler 6、Pearlin 掌握量表和评估身体活动时间的项目的纵向邮件调查研究中，对 4404 名年龄在 40 至 54 岁的成年人进行了数据分析。基于群组的轨迹模型确定了心理困扰（升高和降低）的两个不同轨迹。广义估计方程用于评估掌握和身体活动，调整社会人口统计学和健康变量，以预测困扰群体的成员资格。具有较高掌握度（OR = 0.13；95%置信区间为 0.11-0.15）和每周至少进行 150 分钟身体活动（OR = 0.81；95%置信区间为 0.68-0.96）的人，随着时间的推移，出现升高的困扰的可能性显著降低。掌握和身体活动之间没有显著的相互作用。掌握和身体活动可能是减轻困扰的重要资源，需要进一步研究以评估促进这些资源的干预措施及其对经历心理困扰的中年成年人的影响。
