Marseglia Gian L, Ciprandi Giorgio
Clinic of Pediatrics, Foundation IRCCS Polyclinic San Matteo, Pavia, Italy.
Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
Minerva Pediatr (Torino). 2024 Dec;76(6):758-766. doi: 10.23736/S2724-5276.24.07638-9. Epub 2024 Jul 30.
Acute post-viral cough is a common symptom, usually mild-moderate and self-resolving. However, acute cough may be particularly annoying, affecting sleep, and quality of life, also of the family. Thus, treatment is deemed necessary. Antitussive remedies may be pharmacological or non-pharmacological. Antitussive drugs are either central or peripheral. Central drugs are burdened with significant side effects and can cause abuse, especially in adolescents. Levodropropyzine, on the other hand, is an effective peripheral drug, as demonstrated by two meta-analyses, and has an optimal safety profile. Non-pharmacological remedies tend to be safe, but few substances have a documented degree of efficacy. Therefore, when managing children and adolescents with a post-viral cough, the practical approach may be based on levodropropizine use, which is preferable when the cough is particularly persistent and disturbs sleep.
急性病毒感染后咳嗽是一种常见症状,通常为轻至中度,可自行缓解。然而,急性咳嗽可能特别恼人,会影响睡眠和生活质量,也会影响家人。因此,认为有必要进行治疗。镇咳疗法可以是药物性的或非药物性的。镇咳药物分为中枢性和外周性。中枢性药物有明显的副作用,可能导致滥用,尤其是在青少年中。另一方面,如两项荟萃分析所示,左羟丙哌嗪是一种有效的外周性药物,且安全性良好。非药物疗法往往较为安全,但很少有物质有确切的疗效记录。因此,在处理患有病毒感染后咳嗽的儿童和青少年时,实际的方法可能基于使用左羟丙哌嗪,当咳嗽特别持续且干扰睡眠时,使用左羟丙哌嗪更为可取。