University of Minnesota, Twin Cities.
Stanford University.
Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2024 Jan;159. doi: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2023.106416. Epub 2023 Oct 18.
Childhood and adolescence are salient periods for the development of adrenocortical and autonomic arms of the stress response system (SRS), setting the stage for subsequent health and adaptive functioning. Although adrenocortical and autonomic systems theoretically function in highly coordinated ways, the strength of the relationship between these systems remains unclear. We leveraged a multivariate mixed effects meta-analytic approach to assess associations between adrenocortical, sympathetic, and parasympathetic functioning at rest and reactivity during stress-inducing tasks across 52 studies (N = 7,671; 5-20 years old). Results suggested a modest positive relation between adrenocortical and sympathetic systems as well as between adrenocortical and parasympathetic systems. Moderation analyses indicated the strength of associations varied as a function of several methodological and sociodemographic characteristics. Environmental effects on cross-system regulation were less clear, perhaps due to underrepresentation of adverse-exposed youth in the included studies. Collectively, our findings call for greater methodological attention to the dynamical, non-linear nature of cross-system functioning, as well as the role of experience in their organization across development.
儿童期和青少年期是肾上腺皮质和应激反应系统（SRS）自主神经臂发育的重要时期，为随后的健康和适应功能奠定了基础。尽管肾上腺皮质和自主神经系统在理论上以高度协调的方式运作，但这些系统之间的关系强度仍不清楚。我们利用多变量混合效应荟萃分析方法，评估了 52 项研究（N=7671；5-20 岁）中静息时和应激诱导任务中应激反应时肾上腺皮质、交感和副交感功能之间的关联。结果表明，肾上腺皮质和交感系统之间以及肾上腺皮质和副交感系统之间存在适度的正相关。调节分析表明，关联的强度随几种方法学和社会人口统计学特征的变化而变化。环境对跨系统调节的影响不太清楚，这可能是由于纳入的研究中暴露于不利环境的青少年人数不足。总的来说，我们的研究结果呼吁更多地关注跨系统功能的动态、非线性性质，以及经验在其发育过程中的组织作用。
