College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
Henan Subcritical Machinery Equipment Co., Ltd, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China.
Fish Physiol Biochem. 2024 Dec;50(6):2255-2274. doi: 10.1007/s10695-024-01390-x. Epub 2024 Jul 31.
A 90-day feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of replacing dietary fishmeal (FM) with defatted black soldier fly larvae meal (BSFL) on the growth performance and fillet quality of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides). The largemouth bass was divided into six groups (BSFL0, BSFL15, BSFL30, BSFL45, BSFL75, and BSFL100) and fed six isonitrogenous(CP 50%, 508 g/kg) and isolipid (CL 9%, 124 g/kg) diets, in which 0, 15%, 30%, 45%, 75%, and 100% of the fishmeal was replaced with BSFL, respectively. The results showed that the final body weight (FBW) and specific growth rate (SGR) of the largemouth bass decreased with increasing BSFL content, and they were significantly lower in BSFL75 than in BSFL0. The weight gain rate (WGR) decreased with increasing BSFL content and the feed conversion ratio (FCR) of largemouth bass increased with increasing BSFL content. The saturated fatty acids (SFAs) and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) contents of the largemouth bass fillet significantly decreased, and the n-6 PUFA content of the largemouth bass fillets significantly increased with increasing dietary BSFL. The fillet b* significantly decreased with increasing BSFL content. The biological parameters, fillet proximate nutrient composition, fillet amino acid composition, skin color, and fillet texture of the largemouth bass were not affected by the replacement of BSFL. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that BSFL replacement of FM affects the immune system and metabolic processes of largemouth bass through signaling pathways such as complement and coagulation cascades, the PPAR signaling pathway, cholesterol metabolism, and fat digestion and absorption. In conclusion, a replacement level lower than 45% BSFL was suggested for the overall growth and fillet quality of largemouth bass.
进行了为期 90 天的饲养试验，以评估用脱脂黑水虻幼虫粉（BSFL）替代饮食中的鱼粉（FM）对大口黑鲈（Micropterus salmoides）生长性能和鱼片质量的影响。将大口黑鲈分为 6 组（BSFL0、BSFL15、BSFL30、BSFL45、BSFL75 和 BSFL100），并喂养 6 种等氮（CP50%，508g/kg）和等脂（CL9%，124g/kg）的饲料，其中 0、15%、30%、45%、75%和 100%的鱼粉分别被 BSFL 替代。结果表明，随着 BSFL 含量的增加，大口黑鲈的终体重（FBW）和特定生长率（SGR）降低，BSFL75 组显著低于 BSFL0 组。增重率（WGR）随 BSFL 含量的增加而降低，饲料转化率（FCR）随 BSFL 含量的增加而升高。大口黑鲈鱼片的饱和脂肪酸（SFAs）和 n-3 多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）含量显著降低，n-6 PUFA 含量随饮食 BSFL 的增加而显著增加。鱼片的 b*值随 BSFL 含量的增加而显著降低。BSFL 替代对大口黑鲈的生物学参数、鱼片常规营养成分、鱼片氨基酸组成、皮肤颜色和鱼片质地没有影响。转录组分析表明，BSFL 替代 FM 通过补体和凝血级联、PPAR 信号通路、胆固醇代谢以及脂肪消化和吸收等信号通路影响大口黑鲈的免疫系统和代谢过程。总之，建议 BSFL 替代 FM 的水平低于 45%，以保证大口黑鲈的整体生长和鱼片质量。
