Hamdan Firas, Cerullo Vincenzo
Laboratory of Immunovirotherapy, Drug Research Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
TRIMM, Translational Immunology Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Front Mol Med. 2023 Feb 17;3:1140977. doi: 10.3389/fmmed.2023.1140977. eCollection 2023.
The use of cancer immunotherapies is not novel but has been used over the decades in the clinic. Only recently have we found the true potential of stimulating an anti-tumor response after the breakthrough of checkpoint inhibitors. Cancer immunotherapies have become the first line treatment for many malignancies at various stages. Nevertheless, the clinical results in terms of overall survival and progression free survival were not as anticipated. Majority of cancer patients do not respond to immunotherapies and the reasons differ. Hence, further improvements for cancer immunotherapies are crucially needed. In the review, we will discuss various forms of cancer immunotherapies that are being tested or already in the clinic. Moreover, we also highlight future directions to improve such therapies.
癌症免疫疗法的使用并非新鲜事物，在过去几十年里一直在临床中应用。直到最近，随着检查点抑制剂的突破，我们才发现了刺激抗肿瘤反应的真正潜力。癌症免疫疗法已成为许多不同阶段恶性肿瘤的一线治疗方法。然而，在总生存期和无进展生存期方面的临床结果并未达到预期。大多数癌症患者对免疫疗法没有反应，原因各不相同。因此，迫切需要进一步改进癌症免疫疗法。在这篇综述中，我们将讨论正在试验或已应用于临床的各种形式的癌症免疫疗法。此外，我们还将强调改进此类疗法的未来方向。
