Tsay Jonathan S, Kim Hyosub E, McDougle Samuel D, Taylor Jordan A, Haith Adrian, Avraham Guy, Krakauer John W, Collins Anne G E, Ivry Richard B
Department of Psychology, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, United States.
Neuroscience Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburg, United States.
Elife. 2024 Aug 1;13:e91839. doi: 10.7554/eLife.91839.
Motor learning is often viewed as a unitary process that operates outside of conscious awareness. This perspective has led to the development of sophisticated models designed to elucidate the mechanisms of implicit sensorimotor learning. In this review, we argue for a broader perspective, emphasizing the contribution of explicit strategies to sensorimotor learning tasks. Furthermore, we propose a theoretical framework for motor learning that consists of three fundamental processes: reasoning, the process of understanding action-outcome relationships; refinement, the process of optimizing sensorimotor and cognitive parameters to achieve motor goals; and retrieval, the process of inferring the context and recalling a control policy. We anticipate that this '3R' framework for understanding how complex movements are learned will open exciting avenues for future research at the intersection between cognition and action.
运动学习通常被视为一个在意识觉知之外运作的单一过程。这种观点促使了旨在阐明内隐感觉运动学习机制的复杂模型的发展。在这篇综述中，我们主张一种更宽泛的观点，强调外显策略对感觉运动学习任务的贡献。此外，我们提出了一个运动学习的理论框架，它由三个基本过程组成：推理，即理解动作-结果关系的过程；优化，即优化感觉运动和认知参数以实现运动目标的过程；以及检索，即推断情境并回忆控制策略的过程。我们预计，这个用于理解复杂运动如何习得的“3R”框架将为未来认知与行动交叉领域的研究开辟令人兴奋的途径。
