Tenea Gabriela N, Molina Diana
Biofood and Nutraceutics Research and Development Group, Faculty of Engineering in Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Universidad Técnica del Norte, Ibarra, Ecuador.
Front Plant Sci. 2024 Jul 18;15:1410314. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1410314. eCollection 2024.
Cape gooseberry ( L.) is a wellconsumed crop in Ecuador, whose fruits are abundant in bioactive molecules. Its rapid post-harvest deterioration and safety limit its market potential.
To gather baseline data on the prevalence of bacterial taxa among groups, we employed 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) amplicon gene sequencing to detect changes in the bacterial community structure in cape gooseberry fruits harvested from an organic farm production system (# 270 samples x two ripeness stages), and fruits obtained from an open-air market (#270).
This is the first report of bacterial taxa inhabiting cape gooseberry fruits. Shannon's diversity index revealed that the fruits purchased from the market and the unripe stage had the highest level of bacterial diversity (average Shannon indices of 3.3 and 3.1) followed by those collected from the field at the mature ripe stage (2.07). Alpha diversity analysis indicated that there were no significant differences in the number of taxa or evenness within the sample, whereas there was a significant difference in beta diversity between the groups. was the most abundant family in fruits originating from the field regardless of the ripe stage, while , , , , and were the most abundant families in the market group. At the genus level, was the most abundant phytopathogen in fruits originating from the field, while was the most abundant in samples collected from the market. The phytopathogen was the most abundant in samples collected from the field, while the fruits purchased from the market stands contained opportunistic enteric pathogens such as , , and , their relative abundance varied with the sample. In addition, potential pathogens of animal origin such as , , , and were found in almost all samples at varying relative abundance.
Our study provides basic information on the microbiome of cape gooseberries from agriculture fields to the table along with the detection of several pathogenic microorganisms with possible impact on food safety and public health therefore, strategies for reducing bacterial contamination in both farm and retail markets are compulsory.
灯笼果（Physalis peruviana L.）是厄瓜多尔一种消费广泛的作物，其果实富含生物活性分子。但其采后迅速变质以及安全性问题限制了其市场潜力。
为收集不同组中细菌类群流行情况的基线数据，我们采用16S核糖体RNA（16S rRNA）扩增子基因测序来检测从有机农场生产系统收获的灯笼果果实（270个样本×两个成熟阶段）以及从露天市场获得的果实（270个）中细菌群落结构的变化。
这是关于栖息在灯笼果果实上细菌类群的首次报告。香农多样性指数显示，从市场购买的果实和未成熟阶段的果实具有最高水平的细菌多样性（平均香农指数分别为3.3和3.1），其次是在成熟阶段从田间采集的果实（2.07）。α多样性分析表明，样本内分类单元数量或均匀度没有显著差异，而组间β多样性存在显著差异。无论成熟阶段如何，假单胞菌科是田间果实中最丰富的科，而肠杆菌科、莫拉菌科、芽孢杆菌科、葡萄球菌科和微球菌科是市场组中最丰富的科。在属水平上，丁香假单胞菌是田间果实中最丰富的植物病原体，而肠杆菌属是从市场采集样本中最丰富的属。田间采集样本中，植物病原体番茄溃疡病菌最丰富，而从市场购买的果实中含有机会性肠道病原体，如大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌和粪肠球菌，它们的相对丰度因样本而异。此外，在几乎所有样本中都发现了不同相对丰度的动物源潜在病原体，如空肠弯曲菌、产气荚膜梭菌、肉毒杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌。
我们的研究提供了从农田到餐桌的灯笼果微生物组的基本信息，同时检测到了几种可能影响食品安全和公众健康的致病微生物，因此，减少农场和零售市场细菌污染的策略是必不可少的。
