Abraham Dawit, Mishore Kirubel Minsamo, Nigussie Shambel, Jambo Abera, Gashaw Tigist
Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Health and Medical Science, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia.
Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, College of Health and Medical Science, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia.
SAGE Open Med. 2024 Jul 30;12:20503121241266360. doi: 10.1177/20503121241266360. eCollection 2024.
Venous thromboembolism is the third most common cause of cardiovascular death and is responsible for more than 3 million deaths annually worldwide. Despite high rates of morbidity and mortality associated with venous thromboembolism, limited studies have been conducted on in-hospital mortality and its associated factors in Ethiopia, particularly in study settings.
To assess in-hospital mortality and associated factors among patients admitted with venous thromboembolism at selected public hospitals of Harar town, Eastern Ethiopia, from 10 March 2018 to 8 March 2022.
A retrospective cohort study design was conducted among 502 patients admitted with venous thromboembolism at Hiwot Fana Comprehensive Specialized Hospital and Jugal General Hospital using a simple random sampling technique. Data extraction formats were used to collect data from patient medical record cards. Then data were coded and entered into EpiData version 3.1 computer programs and exported to SPSS version 26 for analysis. Bivariate and multivariate backward Cox regression analysis was used to verify the associated factors of in-hospital mortality among venous thromboembolism patients. A -value of less than 0.05 at a 95% confidence interval was used to establish a statistically significant association.
A total of 502 patient medical record cards with outcome variables were included in the study. More than half of the patients 350 (69.7%) were females. Among the 502 patients who were admitted with venous thromboembolism, 8.2% (95% CI: 5.6-10.6) of patients had in-hospital mortality. DM (AHR = 4.28, 95% CI: 1.80-10.15, = 0.001) and unfractionated heparin duration (AHR = 10.26, 95% CI: 2.45-43.01, = 0.001) were statistically significant association with venous thromboembolism mortality.
Approximately 8.2% of venous thromboembolism patients died in the hospital. Diabetes and heparin were independently associated with higher mortality. Therefore, it is better to give more attention to the patients co-morbid with diabetes mellitus and for unfractionated heparin treatment duration to reduce venous thromboembolism mortality.
静脉血栓栓塞是心血管死亡的第三大常见原因，全球每年有超过300万人死于该病。尽管静脉血栓栓塞的发病率和死亡率很高，但在埃塞俄比亚，特别是在研究环境中，关于住院死亡率及其相关因素的研究有限。
评估2018年3月10日至2022年3月8日期间，埃塞俄比亚东部哈勒尔镇选定公立医院收治的静脉血栓栓塞患者的住院死亡率及其相关因素。
采用简单随机抽样技术，对希沃特·法纳综合专科医院和朱加尔综合医院收治的502例静脉血栓栓塞患者进行回顾性队列研究设计。使用数据提取格式从患者病历卡中收集数据。然后对数据进行编码并输入EpiData 3.1计算机程序，并导出到SPSS 26版本进行分析。采用二元和多元向后Cox回归分析来验证静脉血栓栓塞患者住院死亡率的相关因素。在95%置信区间内，P值小于0.05用于确定具有统计学意义的关联。
本研究共纳入502份带有结果变量的患者病历卡。超过一半的患者350名（69.7%）为女性。在502例因静脉血栓栓塞入院的患者中，8.2%（95%CI：5.6-10.6）的患者有住院死亡率。糖尿病（风险比=4.28，95%CI：1.80-10.15，P=0.001）和普通肝素使用时长（风险比=10.26，95%CI：2.45-43.01，P=0.001）与静脉血栓栓塞死亡率有统计学意义的关联。
约8.2%的静脉血栓栓塞患者在医院死亡。糖尿病和肝素与较高死亡率独立相关。因此，最好更加关注合并糖尿病的患者以及普通肝素治疗时长，以降低静脉血栓栓塞死亡率。
