Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Anhui, China; NHC Key Laboratory of study on abnormal gametes and reproductive tract, Anhui, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics/Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
Nutr Res. 2024 Aug;128:94-104. doi: 10.1016/j.nutres.2024.06.009. Epub 2024 Jul 3.
Animal studies showed a detrimental effect of dietary branched chain amino acids (BCAAs) on metabolic health, while epidemiological evidence on dietary BCAAs and obesity is limited and inconclusive. We hypothesized that high dietary and circulating BCAAs are unfavorably associated with obesity in community-dwelling adults. We evaluated the 1-year longitudinal associations of dietary BCAA intake and circulating BCAAs with body fat measures. Body weight, height, and circumferences of the waist (WC) and hip (HC) were measured at baseline and again after 1-year. Body composition and liver fat [indicated by controlled attenuation parameter (CAP)] were also assessed after 1-year. Serum BCAA concentrations at baseline were quantified by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. Diet was collected using 4 quarterly 3-day recalls during the 1-year. The correlation coefficients between dietary and serum BCAAs were 0.12 (P = .035) for total dietary BCAAs, and ranged from -0.02 (soy foods, P = .749) to 0.18 (poultry, P = .001). Total dietary BCAA intake was associated with increase in body weight (β = 0.044, P = .022) and body mass index (BMI, β = 0.047, P = .043). BCAAs from animal foods were associated with increase in HC, while BCAAs from soy foods were associated with weight gain and higher CAP (all P < .05). Serum BCAAs were associated with higher WC, HC, BMI, body fat mass, visceral fat level, and CAP (all P < .05). These results support that dietary and circulating BCAAs are positively associated with the risk of obesity. More cohort studies with validated dietary assessment tools and long-term follow-up among diverse populations are needed to confirm our findings.
动物研究表明，饮食中支链氨基酸（BCAAs）对代谢健康有不利影响，而关于饮食 BCAAs 和肥胖的流行病学证据有限且尚无定论。我们假设高饮食和循环 BCAAs 与社区成年人肥胖呈不利相关。我们评估了饮食 BCAA 摄入量和循环 BCAAs 与体脂测量值的 1 年纵向关联。在基线和 1 年后再次测量体重、身高以及腰围（WC）和臀围（HC）的周长。在 1 年后还评估了身体成分和肝脂肪[由受控衰减参数（CAP）表示]。在基线时通过液相色谱质谱法定量测定血清 BCAA 浓度。在 1 年内通过 4 个季度的 3 天回顾收集饮食数据。饮食和血清 BCAAs 之间的相关系数为总饮食 BCAA 的 0.12（P =.035），范围从 -0.02（大豆食品，P =.749）到 0.18（禽肉，P =.001）。总饮食 BCAA 摄入量与体重增加（β=0.044，P =.022）和体重指数（BMI，β=0.047，P =.043）呈正相关。来自动物食品的 BCAAs 与 HC 的增加有关，而来自大豆食品的 BCAAs 与体重增加和更高的 CAP（所有 P <.05）有关。血清 BCAAs 与更高的 WC、HC、BMI、体脂肪量、内脏脂肪水平和 CAP（所有 P <.05）呈正相关。这些结果支持饮食和循环 BCAAs 与肥胖风险呈正相关。需要更多使用经过验证的饮食评估工具和在不同人群中进行长期随访的队列研究来证实我们的发现。
