Jäckle Sebastian, Timmis James K
Department of Political Science, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, 79085, Germany.
Athena Institute for Research on Innovation and Communication in Health and Life Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, The Netherlands.
NPJ Vaccines. 2024 Aug 3;9(1):137. doi: 10.1038/s41541-024-00928-7.
Recent studies demonstrate that sociopolitical attitudes partially explain variance in (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine hesitancy and uptake. Other attitudes, such as those towards esoteric beliefs, complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), and religion, have also been proposed. However, pertinent studies provide limited direction for public health efforts, as the impact of such attitudes has been tested in isolation or on different outcomes. Moreover, related associations between SARS-CoV-2 immunization drivers as well as views towards other modes of immunization (e.g., routine pediatric immunization), remain unclear. Based on a sample of ~7400 survey participants (Germany), where esoteric belief systems and CAM (Waldorf, homeopathy) are rather prevalent, and controlling for other sociological factors, we found that (i) individuals with positive attitudes towards Waldorf education and homeopathy are significantly less likely to have received a (further) dose of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine compared to those with positive views of mainstream medicine; (ii) for the former, immunization decisions are primarily driven by external pressures, and for the latter overwhelmingly by voluntary considerations; (iii) attitudes influencing adult SARS-CoV-2 vaccine uptake similarly influence views towards routine pediatric immunization. Our findings provide significant evidence informing a more nuanced design of public health and communication campaigns, and pertinent policies.
近期研究表明，社会政治态度在一定程度上解释了（新冠病毒）疫苗犹豫和接种情况的差异。也有人提出了其他态度，比如对神秘主义信仰、补充和替代医学（CAM）以及宗教的态度。然而，相关研究为公共卫生工作提供的指导有限，因为这些态度的影响是单独测试的，或者是针对不同结果进行测试的。此外，新冠病毒免疫接种驱动因素与对其他免疫接种方式（如常规儿童免疫接种）的看法之间的相关关联仍不明确。基于约7400名调查参与者（德国）的样本，在那里神秘主义信仰体系和补充与替代医学（华德福教育、顺势疗法）相当普遍，并控制其他社会学因素后，我们发现：（i）与对主流医学持积极看法的人相比，对华德福教育和顺势疗法持积极态度的个体接种（额外）一剂新冠病毒疫苗的可能性显著更低；（ii）对于前者，免疫接种决定主要由外部压力驱动；对于后者，则绝大多数由自愿考虑驱动；（iii）影响成人新冠病毒疫苗接种的态度同样影响对常规儿童免疫接种的看法。我们的研究结果提供了重要证据，为更细致入微地设计公共卫生和宣传活动以及相关政策提供了参考。
