Teferi Mekonnen, Addisu Elsabeth, Wodajo Shambel, Muche Amare, Endawekie Abel, Adane Bezawit, Dessie Tilahun, Kebede Natnael
Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Kemisse Health Sciences College, Kemisie, Ethiopia.
Department of reproductive and family health, School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia.
Pneumonia (Nathan). 2024 Aug 5;16(1):14. doi: 10.1186/s41479-024-00135-x.
Ethiopia is one of those countries with higher burden of community acquired pneumonia among its people, under five children are the members of society that are highly affected by pneumonia particularly Severe Community Acquired Pneumonia. However, there are limited studies on time to recovery and its predictors in under-five children and most of them are retrospective which fails to address important variables that affect the time to recovery. Therefore, the aim of this study was to estimate the median time to recovery and its predictors among under five children admitted to South Wollo zone public hospitals, North East Ethiopia.
An institution-based prospective cohort study was conducted from March 10 to May 10, 2021, with 270 study subjects. A systematic random sampling technique was used. Data was collected by interview and chart review. The data were entered and analyzed using Epi Data version 3.1 and STATA version 14.0, respectively. Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression models were used to test the time and predictors of recovery from severe community-acquired pneumonia.
The overall incidence of recovery rate (95% confidence interval) from Severe Community-Acquired Pneumonia was 20.45(17.84-23.46) per 100 person days observation with median (IQR) time to recovery of [3, 5] days. The predictors of time to recovery from Severe Community-Acquired Pneumonia were having comorbidities on admission [AHR = 0.49 (95%CI: 0.32,0.75)], reaching hospitals after 5 days of onset of symptoms [AHR = 0.35 (95%CI: 0.20,0.60)], having Middle Upper Arm Circumference < = 12.5 cm [AHR = 0.21 (95%CI: 0.12,0.37)], the presence of smoker in the house [AHR = 0.21 (95%CI: 0.10,0.42)] and being not fully immunized for age [AHR = 0.35 (95%CI: 0.24,0.53)].
Generally the recovery time of children with Severe Community Acquired Pneumonia in the study area was within the recommended national standards. Due attention should be given to children with the identified predictors while treating them.
埃塞俄比亚是社区获得性肺炎负担较重的国家之一，五岁以下儿童是受肺炎尤其是重症社区获得性肺炎影响严重的社会群体。然而，关于五岁以下儿童康复时间及其预测因素的研究有限，且大多数是回顾性研究，未能涵盖影响康复时间的重要变量。因此，本研究旨在估计埃塞俄比亚东北部南沃洛地区公立医院收治的五岁以下儿童的康复中位时间及其预测因素。
2021年3月10日至5月10日进行了一项基于机构的前瞻性队列研究，共有270名研究对象。采用系统随机抽样技术。通过访谈和病历审查收集数据。分别使用Epi Data 3.1版和STATA 14.0版录入和分析数据。采用Kaplan-Meier法和Cox回归模型来检验重症社区获得性肺炎的康复时间和预测因素。
重症社区获得性肺炎的总体康复率（95%置信区间）为每100人日观察期20.45（17.84 - 23.46），康复中位时间（四分位间距）为[3, 5]天。重症社区获得性肺炎康复时间 的预测因素包括入院时患有合并症[AHR = 0.49（95%CI：0.32, 0.75）]、症状出现5天后才入院[AHR = 0.35（95%CI：0.20, 0.60）]、上臂中部周长<= 12.5厘米[AHR = 0.21（95%CI：0.12, 0.37）]、家中有吸烟者[AHR = 0.21（95%CI：0.10, 0.42）]以及未按年龄完全免疫[AHR = 0.35（95%CI：0.24, 0.53）]。
总体而言，研究地区重症社区获得性肺炎儿童的康复时间在国家推荐标准范围内。在治疗患有已确定预测因素的儿童时应给予充分关注。
