Higgins-Steele Ariel, Yousufi Khaksar, Sultana Sharmina, Ali Alawi Sayed, Varkey Sherin
UNICEF Afghanistan Country Office, Kabul, Afghanistan.
Afghanistan Ministry of Public Health, Child and Adolescent Health Directorate, Kabul, Afghanistan.
J Trop Med. 2017;2017:3120854. doi: 10.1155/2017/3120854. Epub 2017 Feb 19.
. Despite improvements in child health, Afghanistan still has a heavy burden of deaths due to preventable causes: 17% of under-5 deaths are due to pneumonia and 12% are due to diarrhoea. . This article describes the situation of childhood pneumonia and diarrhoea in Afghanistan, including efforts to prevent, protect, and treat the two diseases. It estimates lives saved by scaling up interventions. . A secondary analysis of data was conducted and future scenarios were modelled to estimate lives saved by scaling up a package of interventions. . The analysis reveals that 10,795 additional child deaths could be averted with a moderate scale-up of interventions, decreasing the under-five mortality rate in Afghanistan from 55 per 1,000 live births in 2015 to 40 per 1,000 in 2020. In an ambitious scale-up scenario, an additional 15,096 lives could be saved. There would be a 71% reduction in child deaths due to these two causes between 2016 and 2020 in the ambitious scenario compared to 47% reduction in the moderate scenario. . Significant reductions in child mortality can be achieved through scale-up of essential interventions to prevent and treat pneumonia and diarrhoea. Strengthened primary health care functions and multisector collaboration on child health are suggested.
尽管儿童健康状况有所改善，但阿富汗因可预防原因导致的死亡负担仍然沉重：5岁以下儿童死亡中有17% 是由肺炎所致，12% 是由腹泻所致。本文描述了阿富汗儿童肺炎和腹泻的情况，包括预防、保护和治疗这两种疾病的努力。它估计了扩大干预措施可挽救的生命数量。对数据进行了二次分析，并对未来情况进行了建模，以估计扩大一系列干预措施可挽救的生命数量。分析表明，适度扩大干预措施可避免额外的10,795例儿童死亡，使阿富汗5岁以下儿童死亡率从2015年每1000例活产55例降至2020年每1000例40例。在一个雄心勃勃的扩大规模情景中，可额外挽救15,096条生命。与适度情景中47% 的降幅相比，在雄心勃勃的情景中，2016年至2020年期间因这两个原因导致的儿童死亡将减少71%。通过扩大预防和治疗肺炎及腹泻的基本干预措施，可以显著降低儿童死亡率。建议加强初级卫生保健功能以及在儿童健康方面的多部门合作。
