Chaudhary Namita, Tiwari Vandita, Sharma Anjali, Kumari Anita, Garg Monika, Bhatnagar Archana, Kansal Sushil Kumar, Krishania Meena
Center of Innovative and Applied Bioprocessing (CIAB), Sector-81, Mohali 140306, India.
Dr S S Bhatnagar University Institute of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India.
ACS Omega. 2024 Jul 12;9(30):33022-33032. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.4c03966. eCollection 2024 Jul 30.
Apple pomace (AP) is a byproduct of apple juice industries, which constitutes around 30% of the original fruit and rich in essential compounds like carbohydrates, phenolics, minerals, and dietary fibers. This study is focused on optimizing the combinational utilization of antibrowning agents like l-cysteine and l-ascorbic acid for the sustainable debrowning of AP with response surface methodology and assessment of its acute toxicity in female rats. In addition, the phytochemical content and antioxidant activity of treated AP were investigated and compared with the untreated control AP. The study revealed that the treated AP has higher dietary fiber ( < 0.01), protein ( < 0.0001), and phenolic content ( < 0.001) in comparison to the control AP. Moreover, the treated AP also observed with higher antioxidant activity 37% inhibition and water retention capacity (8.5 g HO/g solid) along with the debrowning effect. Furthermore, a 4-week in vivo study is conducted to assess the toxicity of treated AP. Results indicated no discernible variations in biochemistry, morphometric, or histology between the supplementation (0.5, 1.5, and 3% AP) and control groups. Thus, adding AP rich in dietary fiber to a range of meals is deemed a safe and valuable food supplement.
苹果渣（AP）是苹果汁产业的副产品，约占原果实的30%，富含碳水化合物、酚类、矿物质和膳食纤维等必需化合物。本研究旨在通过响应面法优化L-半胱氨酸和L-抗坏血酸等抗褐变剂对苹果渣的联合利用，以实现其可持续的脱色，并评估其对雌性大鼠的急性毒性。此外，还对处理后的苹果渣的植物化学成分和抗氧化活性进行了研究，并与未处理的对照苹果渣进行了比较。研究表明，与对照苹果渣相比，处理后的苹果渣具有更高的膳食纤维含量（<0.01）、蛋白质含量（<0.0001）和酚类含量（<0.001）。此外，处理后的苹果渣还具有更高的抗氧化活性（37%抑制率）和保水能力（8.5 g水/g固体）以及脱色效果。此外，还进行了为期4周的体内研究，以评估处理后的苹果渣的毒性。结果表明，补充组（0.5%、1.5%和3%苹果渣）与对照组在生物化学、形态计量学或组织学方面没有明显差异。因此，在一系列膳食中添加富含膳食纤维的苹果渣被认为是一种安全且有价值的食品补充剂。
