Yang Lin, Wang Li, Liu Ying, Bao Erhao, Wang Jiahao, Xia Long, Wang Ben, Zhu Pingyu
Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China.
Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
Transl Androl Urol. 2024 Jul 31;13(7):1074-1084. doi: 10.21037/tau-24-79. Epub 2024 Jul 16.
Different dietary habits can have varying effects on human health and metabolism, and these can be intervened and regulated. Kidney stones, as a disease caused by multiple factors, are largely attributed to diet and metabolism, but the potential causal relationship with dietary intake habits remains unclear. Therefore, this study aims to link the predicted dietary intake based on 45 genetic factors with urolithiasis and explore the potential causal relationship.
We extracted complete genome-wide association studies (GWASs) data on 45 dietary intake traits from the UK Biobank study. Data on kidney stones were obtained from the FinnGen database. In both univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization analyses, we used inverse variance weighted (IVW) as the primary method to calculate P values, odds ratios (ORs), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We examined result heterogeneity using Cochran's Q test. We also carefully investigated potential sources of horizontal pleiotropy using the Mendelian randomization (MR)-PRESSO and MR-Egger methods, and conducted linkage disequilibrium score regression (LDSC) analysis on the corrected P values.
Through univariable analysis, we identified 11 dietary habits that potentially causally associate with kidney stones among the 45 examined traits, including 9 protective factors and 2 risk factors. Based on the corrected results with false discovery rate (FDR) and sensitivity analysis, we found one relatively robust evidence. We controlled for common stone risk factors, such as body mass index and smoking, as confounders in multivariable analysis, and no significant results were observed after controlling for these confounders. Based on the LDSC analysis, most of the evidence supports significant genetic correlations with urolithiasis among the 11 traits with potential causal associations.
This study confirms the impact of certain dietary factors on the development of kidney stones. Our findings contribute to providing evidence for dietary adjustments in daily life or dietary guidance specifically targeting kidney stone patients.
不同的饮食习惯会对人体健康和新陈代谢产生不同影响，且这些影响可以被干预和调节。肾结石作为一种由多种因素引起的疾病，很大程度上归因于饮食和新陈代谢，但其与饮食摄入习惯之间的潜在因果关系仍不明确。因此，本研究旨在将基于45个遗传因素预测的饮食摄入量与尿石症联系起来，并探索潜在的因果关系。
我们从英国生物银行研究中提取了关于45种饮食摄入特征的全基因组关联研究（GWAS）完整数据。肾结石数据来自芬兰基因数据库。在单变量和多变量孟德尔随机化分析中，我们使用逆方差加权（IVW）作为主要方法来计算P值、比值比（OR）和95%置信区间（CI）。我们使用 Cochr an's Q检验检查结果异质性。我们还使用孟德尔随机化（MR）-PRESSO和MR-Egger方法仔细研究了水平多效性的潜在来源，并对校正后的P值进行了连锁不平衡评分回归（LDSC）分析。
通过单变量分析，我们在45个检测特征中确定了11种可能与肾结石有因果关系的饮食习惯，包括9个保护因素和2个风险因素。基于错误发现率（FDR）校正结果和敏感性分析，我们发现了一个相对有力的证据。在多变量分析中，我们将体重指数和吸烟等常见结石风险因素作为混杂因素进行控制，控制这些混杂因素后未观察到显著结果。基于LDSC分析，在11个具有潜在因果关联的特征中，大多数证据支持与尿石症存在显著的遗传相关性。
本研究证实了某些饮食因素对肾结石形成的影响。我们的研究结果有助于为日常生活中的饮食调整或针对肾结石患者的饮食指导提供证据。
