Tang Xinling, Qiu Youjia, Song Bingyi, Tao Yuchen, Yin Ziqian, Wang Menghan, Ji Na, Chen Zhouqing, Wang Zhong, Wei Xuedong
Department of Urology Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu Province China.
Department of Neurosurgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu Province China.
Food Sci Nutr. 2025 Sep 12;13(9):e70958. doi: 10.1002/fsn3.70958. eCollection 2025 Sep.
Previous observational studies preliminarily unveiled dietary habits that are associated with urinary calculus (UC). However, the causal association remained unclear. This study employed two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) to assess the causal effects of dietary factors on UC using genome-wide association data. Multivariable MR (MVMR) was applied to identify independent dietary influences, and two-step MR explored mediation by 30 common biomarkers. Genetically predicted intake of alcohol, coffee (including decaffeinated, instant, and ground coffee), psychoactive drinks, tea, fruits (including dried fruit), and preferences for coffee without sugar, fruit, and white wine were inversely associated with calculus of the kidney and ureter (all < 0.05). Additionally, preferences for fruit (including cherry and plum) and coffee with sugar were inversely associated with lower urinary tract stones ( < 0.05). MVMR confirmed that the protective effects of coffee ( = 0.0008), instant coffee ( = 0.0003), psychoactive drinks ( = 0.014), fruit (fruit consumption = 4.55 × 10, fruit liking = 0.0007), and dried fruit ( = 0.003) on calculus of the kidney and ureter, as well as cherry ( = 0.001), fruit ( = 0.005), and plum liking ( = 0.0001) on calculus of the lower urinary tract, were independent of other dietary factors. Two-step MR further suggested calcium partially mediated the effects of fruit (4.9%), dried fruit (8.8%), and cherry liking (2.7%) on UC. These findings provide genetic evidence for the protective roles of specific dietary factors in UC development and highlight potential biological mediators, offering new insights for prevention strategies.
以往的观察性研究初步揭示了与尿路结石（UC）相关的饮食习惯。然而，因果关系仍不明确。本研究采用两样本孟德尔随机化（MR）方法，利用全基因组关联数据评估饮食因素对UC的因果效应。应用多变量MR（MVMR）来确定独立的饮食影响，两步MR探索了30种常见生物标志物的中介作用。遗传预测的酒精、咖啡（包括脱咖啡因咖啡、速溶咖啡和研磨咖啡）、含精神活性成分饮料、茶、水果（包括果干）的摄入量，以及对无糖咖啡、水果和白葡萄酒的偏好与肾和输尿管结石呈负相关（均<0.05）。此外，对水果（包括樱桃和李子）和加糖咖啡的偏好与下尿路结石呈负相关（<0.05）。MVMR证实，咖啡（=0.0008）、速溶咖啡（=0.0003）、含精神活性成分饮料（=0.014）、水果（水果摄入量=4.55×10，喜欢水果程度=0.0007）和果干（=0.003）对肾和输尿管结石的保护作用，以及樱桃（=0.001）、水果（=0.005）和喜欢李子程度（=0.0001）对下尿路结石的保护作用独立于其他饮食因素。两步MR进一步表明，钙部分介导了水果（4.9%）、果干（8.8%）和喜欢樱桃程度（2.7%）对UC的影响。这些发现为特定饮食因素在UC发生发展中的保护作用提供了遗传学证据，并突出了潜在的生物中介物，为预防策略提供了新的见解。
