Zengin Yağmur, Kelle Damla, Iyisan Banu
Biofunctional Nanomaterials Design (BIND) Laboratory, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Bogazici University, Istanbul, 34684, Turkey.
Macromol Rapid Commun. 2024 Dec;45(24):e2400497. doi: 10.1002/marc.202400497. Epub 2024 Aug 5.
Gold nanorods (AuNRs) are emerging metallic nanoparticles utilized to generate heat for photothermal therapy (PTT) in cancer. The tunable plasmonic properties of AuNRs make them a remarkable candidate for hyperthermia. However, the cytotoxicity of AuNRs limits its biological applicability due to the existence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) on the surface as a common surfactant. In this study, AuNRs are synthesized by seed-mediated growth and then the optical properties are optimized by altering AgNO concentration. Afterward, CTAB is replaced with biopolymers which are BSA:Dextran and BSA:Guar Gum conjugates resulting in enhanced cellular viability, enabling to use of them as biologically relevant photothermal agents. The biocompatibility of AuNRs is improved to utilize them at high concentrations for laser studies, in which similar heat generation success of CTAB- and biopolymer-coated AuNRs are shown for potential PTT applications. CTAB and biopolymer-coated AuNRs in concentrations of 0.5 and 1 mg mL are irradiated under NIR light at 808 nm laser at 0.5, 0.75, and 1 W cm for 300 s. The biopolymer-coated gold nanorods with different coatings preserve photothermal properties while reducing the cytotoxicity effects of CTAB and thus they are promising photothermal agents for potential PTT.
金纳米棒（AuNRs）是新兴的金属纳米颗粒，用于在癌症的光热疗法（PTT）中产生热量。AuNRs可调节的等离子体特性使其成为热疗的理想候选材料。然而，由于表面存在十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（CTAB）作为常见的表面活性剂，AuNRs的细胞毒性限制了其生物学适用性。在本研究中，通过种子介导生长法合成AuNRs，然后通过改变硝酸银（AgNO₃）浓度优化其光学性质。之后，用生物聚合物（牛血清白蛋白：葡聚糖和牛血清白蛋白：瓜尔胶缀合物）取代CTAB，从而提高细胞活力，使其能够用作具有生物学相关性的光热剂。AuNRs的生物相容性得到改善，以便在高浓度下用于激光研究，研究表明，CTAB包被的和生物聚合物包被的AuNRs在产生热量方面取得了相似的成功，具有潜在的PTT应用前景。将浓度为0.5和1 mg/mL的CTAB包被的和生物聚合物包被的AuNRs在808 nm的近红外光下，以0.5、0.75和1 W/cm²的功率照射300 s。具有不同包被的生物聚合物包被的金纳米棒在保留光热特性的同时，降低了CTAB的细胞毒性作用，因此它们是潜在PTT应用中有前景的光热剂。
