Safaeian Leila, Asghari-Varzaneh Mansooreh, Alavi Seyed-Sadegh, Halvaei-Varnousfaderani Mahnaz, Laher Ismail
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Hakiman Pazhooh Co., Incubator and Entrepreneurship Center, Isfahan University, Isfahan, Iran.
Arch Physiol Biochem. 2025 Feb;131(1):52-62. doi: 10.1080/13813455.2024.2387694. Epub 2024 Aug 5.
Phenolic acids derived from plants have beneficial effects on cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Cinnamic acid (CA) is a crucial phenolic acid that can form numerous hydroxycinnamic derivate found in many food groups. We review current data on the cardiovascular pharmacology of CA with a focus on CVD and their risk factors including hyperlipidaemia, obesity, hyperglycaemia, cardiomyopathy and myocardial ischaemia, vascular dysfunction, oxidative stress and inflammation. Both and laboratory studies demonstrate the lipid-lowering, anti-obesity, anti-hyperglycemic, cardio-protective and vasorelaxant activities of CA. The protective impacts of CA against CVD occur by inhibiting inflammatory, oxidative, and apoptotic pathways, regulating the genes and enzymes involved in glucose and lipid metabolisms, and promoting vasodilation. This review showed that the most studied and prominent effects of CA are anti-hyperlipidemic and anti-diabetic properties. In conclusion, intake of plant foods rich in CA may reduce CVD risk especially through regulating blood glucose and lipids levels.
源自植物的酚酸对心血管疾病（CVD）具有有益作用。肉桂酸（CA）是一种关键的酚酸，它能形成许多存在于多种食物组中的羟基肉桂酸衍生物。我们综述了关于CA心血管药理学的当前数据，重点关注CVD及其危险因素，包括高脂血症、肥胖、高血糖、心肌病和心肌缺血、血管功能障碍、氧化应激和炎症。体外和实验室研究均证实了CA的降脂、抗肥胖、抗高血糖、心脏保护和血管舒张活性。CA对CVD的保护作用通过抑制炎症、氧化和凋亡途径、调节参与葡萄糖和脂质代谢的基因和酶以及促进血管舒张来实现。本综述表明，CA研究最多且最显著的作用是抗高脂血症和抗糖尿病特性。总之，摄入富含CA的植物性食物可能会降低CVD风险，尤其是通过调节血糖和血脂水平。
