Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
Department of Addictology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
PLoS One. 2024 Aug 5;19(8):e0308258. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0308258. eCollection 2024.
Given the negative outcomes associated with smartphone use during personal and relational activities (SUPRA), parents strive to regulate its use among their children. However, media parenting recommendations lack knowledge of parental views on SUPRA and their relative occurrence in youths. This study aimed to (i) estimate SUPRA frequency among children and adolescents, (ii) assess parental dislike (PD) of SUPRA, and (iii) identify predictors of PD of SUPRA. An online survey was completed by 826 parents (49% mothers, age 25-74, Median = 43 years), capturing PD of SUPRA, estimated frequency of SUPRA in their children (49% female, age 6-18, Median = 10 years), parenting styles (warmth and control), parental attitudes toward screen media, and sociodemographic characteristics. The rate of frequent SUPRA was significantly higher in adolescents (2.7-48.1%) compared to children (2.1-27.2%) with odds ratios ranging from 0.67 to 3.04, depending on the activity type. PD of SUPRA was high in parents of children (M = 4.04, SD = 0.66) and adolescents (M = 3.93, SD = 0.71). Linear regression identified being a mother, having higher levels of control and warmth, and less positive attitudes toward screen media as significant predictors of SUPRA dislike. Our study was the first to report the estimated occurrence and parental dislike of smartphone use (SU) during various personal and relational activities, enabling their direct comparison. Experts warn against SU while studying and at bedtime, which frequently occurred in 4-5% of children and 10-12% of adolescents. More attention should be paid to SU during relational (peer/family) activities due to its relatively high occurrence and parental dissatisfaction.
鉴于智能手机在个人和人际关系活动中使用所带来的负面影响（SUPRA），父母努力限制孩子使用。然而，媒体育儿建议缺乏对父母对 SUPRA 的看法及其在青少年中的相对发生率的了解。本研究旨在：（i）估计儿童和青少年中 SUPRA 的频率，（ii）评估父母对 SUPRA 的不喜欢程度（PD），以及（iii）确定 SUPRA 的 PD 的预测因素。826 名父母（49%为母亲，年龄 25-74 岁，中位数为 43 岁）在线完成了一项调查，内容包括对 SUPRA 的 PD、估计他们孩子 SUPRA 的频率（49%为女孩，年龄 6-18 岁，中位数为 10 岁）、育儿风格（温暖和控制）、父母对屏幕媒体的态度以及社会人口统计学特征。青少年中频繁 SUPRA 的发生率明显高于儿童（2.7-48.1%），其比值比在 0.67 到 3.04 之间，具体取决于活动类型。孩子（M = 4.04，SD = 0.66）和青少年（M = 3.93，SD = 0.71）的父母对 SUPRA 的 PD 较高。线性回归确定母亲身份、更高的控制和温暖程度以及对屏幕媒体的态度较不积极是 SUPRA 不喜欢的重要预测因素。我们的研究首次报告了智能手机在各种个人和人际关系活动中使用的估计发生率和父母不喜欢程度，使它们可以直接比较。专家警告说，在学习和睡前时应避免使用 SU，这在 4-5%的儿童和 10-12%的青少年中经常发生。由于 SUPRA 的相对较高发生率和父母的不满，应更加关注在人际关系（同伴/家庭）活动中使用 SU。
