1Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
2Department of Addictology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
J Behav Addict. 2020 Sep 24;9(3):664-675. doi: 10.1556/2006.2020.00068. Print 2020 Oct 12.
Problematic internet use (PIU) is a highly prevalent condition with severe adverse effects. The literature suggests that parent-child bonding and parental behavioral control exert protective effects against PIU. However, the most relevant studies rely on simplistic measurement of parenting, cross-sectional designs and mixed-aged samples. Our study analyzed the effect of maternal and paternal parenting on PIU by using a prospective design and a cohort sample of same-aged children.
Data from 1,019 Czech 12-year-old sixth-graders who were followed until ninth grade were used. Maternal and paternal responsiveness and strictness were reported by children using the Parental Acceptance-Rejection Questionnaire (PARQ) and the Parental Control Scale (PCS). PIU was measured by the Excessive Internet Use Scale (EIUS).
The self-reported PIU prevalence in nine-graders (15-year-old) was 8.1%. Parenting, reported by adolescents 18 months before PIU screening, showed significant relationships with PIU: parental responsiveness was negatively and moderately associated, while maternal strictness showed a weak positive association; the authoritative parenting style in both parents decreased PIU, with a PIU probability of 3.21%, while a combination of maternal authoritarian and paternal neglectful parenting was associated with PIU probability as high as 20.9%.
The self-reported prevalence of PIU in Czech adolescents was found to be high. The effects of parenting on PIU were similar to the effects of parenting on other problematic behavior among adolescents. Our findings showed the need for interventions to prevent PIU by helping parents to apply optimal parenting styles.
问题性互联网使用（PIU）是一种普遍存在的、具有严重不良后果的病症。文献表明，亲子关系和父母的行为控制对 PIU 具有保护作用。然而，最相关的研究依赖于对育儿行为的简单测量、横断面设计和混合年龄样本。我们的研究通过使用前瞻性设计和同年龄儿童队列样本，分析了母亲和父亲育儿对 PIU 的影响。
本研究使用了 1019 名捷克 12 岁六年级学生的数据，这些学生一直跟踪到九年级。儿童使用亲子接受-拒绝问卷（PARQ）和父母控制量表（PCS）报告母亲和父亲的反应能力和严格程度。PIU 通过过度互联网使用量表（EIUS）进行测量。
在 9 年级（15 岁）自我报告的 PIU 患病率为 8.1%。在 PIU 筛查前 18 个月报告的育儿情况与 PIU 显著相关：父母的反应能力呈负相关且中等程度相关，而母亲的严格程度呈弱正相关；父母双方的权威型育儿方式降低了 PIU，PIU 的概率为 3.21%，而母亲专制和父亲忽视型育儿方式的结合与 PIU 的概率高达 20.9%相关。
捷克青少年自我报告的 PIU 患病率较高。育儿对 PIU 的影响与育儿对青少年其他问题行为的影响相似。我们的研究结果表明，需要通过帮助父母采用最佳育儿方式来预防 PIU 的干预措施。
