Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences Thrust, Function Hub, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, 511457, China; Institute of Plant Protection, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, 550025, China.
Institute of Plant Protection, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, 550025, China.
Environ Pollut. 2024 Nov 1;360:124668. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124668. Epub 2024 Aug 3.
Weed infestation is the major biological threat in direct-seeded rice production and can cause significant yield losses. The effective use of herbicides is particularly important in direct-seeded rice production. Anilofos, a pre-emergence herbicide, has been shown to be effective against the weed barnyardgrass. However, its impacts on crop yield and the direct-seeded rice production ecosystem remain underexplored. In this study, we conducted field trials and used untargeted metabolomics to investigate systemic effects of two different treatments (40 g/acre and 60 g/acre) on rice shoot and root as well as the rhizosphere soil during the critical tillering stage. Here, a total of 400 metabolites were determined in the crop and soil, with differential metabolites primarily comprising lipids and lipid-like molecules as well as phenylpropanoids and polyketides. Spearman correlation network analysis and a Zi-Pi plot revealed 7 key differential metabolites with significant topological roles, including succinic acid semialdehyde and riboflavin. KEGG pathway analysis showed that anilofos downregulated the amino acid metabolism while mainly promoted carbohydrate metabolism and secondary metabolites biosynthesis of the crop, which made minimal disruption on soil metabolism. Notably, we found 40 g/acre anilofos application could significantly improve the rice yield, potentially linked to the improved activity of flavonoid biosynthesis and starch and sucrose metabolism. This research provides a comprehensive evaluation of anilofos effects in the direct-seeded rice production system, offering new insights into optimizing herbicide use to improve agricultural sustainability and productivity.
杂草侵染是直播稻生产中的主要生物威胁，可导致显著的产量损失。在直播稻生产中，除草剂的有效利用尤为重要。丙草胺作为一种播前除草剂，已被证明对稗草具有防治效果。然而，其对作物产量和直播稻生产生态系统的影响仍未得到充分探索。在本研究中，我们进行了田间试验，并使用非靶向代谢组学方法研究了两种不同处理（40 克/亩和 60 克/亩）在关键分蘖期对水稻茎叶和根以及根际土壤的系统影响。在作物和土壤中总共确定了 400 种代谢物，差异代谢物主要包括脂质和类脂分子以及苯丙烷类和聚酮类。Spearman 相关网络分析和 Zi-Pi 图揭示了 7 种具有显著拓扑作用的关键差异代谢物，包括琥珀酸半醛和核黄素。KEGG 途径分析表明，丙草胺下调了氨基酸代谢，而主要促进了作物的碳水化合物代谢和次生代谢物生物合成，对土壤代谢的干扰最小。值得注意的是，我们发现 40 克/亩丙草胺的应用可以显著提高水稻产量，这可能与类黄酮生物合成以及淀粉和蔗糖代谢活性的提高有关。本研究全面评价了丙草胺在直播稻生产系统中的作用，为优化除草剂使用以提高农业可持续性和生产力提供了新的见解。
