Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
Sci Rep. 2024 Aug 5;14(1):18069. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-67788-y.
Worldwide, particularly in developing nations, helminth infections are the leading causes of livestock illness and mortality. Parascaris (P.) equorum, a parasitic worm from the Ascarididae family, significantly impacts the production, health, and working performance of equines. This study aimed to investigate the impact of intraperitoneal sensitization of P. equorum on the immune system, oxidative stress, and histology in Wistar rats. After acclimatization for 7 days, we divided the rats into five groups, each consisting of six rats. Group I, serving as the control, was administered distilled water, followed by groups II (day 7), III (day 14), IV (day 21), and V (day 33). The rats were euthanized every day mentioned (Days 7-33). On day 0, a dosage of 1ml/100 gm rat (containing 500 μg/ml protein content) emulsified crude antigen extract with an incomplete Freund's adjuvant (1:1 volume), followed by a second dose of the same antigen concentration on day 7. To assess the allergenicity of this nematode, we measured a whole blood profile, serum levels of IFN-γ, IL-5, IL-10, IL-13, and IL-33, total immunoglobulins IgE and IgG, and oxidative stress markers. Also, we examined histological changes in the liver, kidney, and spleen. The results showed that values of total leukocyte count, granulocytes, monocytes, and lymphocytes were significantly (P < 0.05) increased on day 14 post-infection relative to other days of investigation. It was found that the levels of total immunoglobulins (IgE and IgG) and cytokines (INF-γ, IL-5, IL-13, and IL-33) on days 14 and 21 were significantly higher than in the control group. At all periods of the experiment, the injected group exhibited significantly higher concentrations of MDA and NO compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Conversely, GSH and CAT levels (P < 0.05) dropped significantly on days 7, 14, and 21. Different rat tissues showed alterations. Ultimately, this study described the detrimental effects of P. equorum crude antigen administration on the immune system, oxidative states, and histological changes of Wistar rats at various intervals.
在全球范围内，寄生虫感染尤其是发展中国家的家畜患病和死亡的主要原因。旋毛虫（P. equorum）是一种来自蛔虫科的寄生虫，它会显著影响马属动物的生产、健康和工作表现。本研究旨在调查旋毛虫腹腔内致敏对 Wistar 大鼠免疫系统、氧化应激和组织学的影响。经过 7 天的适应期，我们将大鼠分为五组，每组 6 只。第 I 组作为对照组，给予蒸馏水，然后是第 II 组（第 7 天）、第 III 组（第 14 天）、第 IV 组（第 21 天）和第 V 组（第 33 天）。每天提到的大鼠（第 7-33 天）都被安乐死。在第 0 天，用 1ml/100gm 大鼠（含有 500μg/ml 蛋白含量）的不完全弗氏佐剂（1:1 体积）乳化粗抗原提取物，然后在第 7 天给予相同抗原浓度的第二剂。为了评估这种线虫的变应原性，我们测量了全血谱、血清干扰素-γ（IFN-γ）、白细胞介素-5（IL-5）、白细胞介素-10（IL-10）、白细胞介素-13（IL-13）、白细胞介素-33（IL-33）、总免疫球蛋白 IgE 和 IgG 以及氧化应激标志物。此外，我们还检查了肝脏、肾脏和脾脏的组织学变化。结果表明，与其他调查日相比，感染后第 14 天白细胞总数、粒细胞、单核细胞和淋巴细胞显著增加（P<0.05）。发现第 14 天和第 21 天的总免疫球蛋白（IgE 和 IgG）和细胞因子（INF-γ、IL-5、IL-13 和 IL-33）水平明显高于对照组。在实验的所有阶段，与对照组相比，注射组的 MDA 和 NO 浓度显著升高（P<0.05）。相反，GSH 和 CAT 水平（P<0.05）在第 7、14 和 21 天显著下降。不同的大鼠组织显示出改变。最终，本研究描述了旋毛虫粗抗原给药对 Wistar 大鼠免疫系统、氧化状态和组织学变化的不同时间间隔的有害影响。
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