Ripa Farhana Alam, Alam Fowzia, Riya Fahmida Haque, Begum Yesmin, Eti Sharmin Akter, Nahar Nusratun, Ahmed Zebunnesa, Sharmin Sabrina
School of Pharmacy BRAC University, 41-Pacific Tower, Mohakhali, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh.
Department of Pharmacy Southeast University, 251/A Tejgaon I/A, Dhaka 1208, Bangladesh.
Adv Pharmacol Pharm Sci. 2024 Jul 26;2024:4035987. doi: 10.1155/2024/4035987. eCollection 2024.
The objective of the study was to evaluate the pharmacological properties of the methanolic extract of (Lour.) Raeusch fruits (PFJM) and seeds (SFJM), along with their soluble fractions in ethyl acetate (fruit: PFJE; seed: SFJE) and chloroform (fruit: PFJC; seed: SFJC). Our phytochemical analysis of the examined extracts confirmed the presence of various therapeutically active phytoconstituents, including flavonoids, tannins, glycosides, and alkaloids. Employing the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical quenching method, SFJC exhibited the highest antioxidative potential, with an IC of 48.84, compared to ascorbic acid (IC 21.77). The thrombolytic activity was assessed through rapid clot analysis of human blood samples, revealing that SFJC demonstrated the highest thrombolytic activity (60.99 ± 2.28%) compared to streptokinase (72.89 ± 2.19%). In the protein denaturation antiarthritic test, the PFJE and SFJC extracts exhibited significant potency, achieving results of 74.28 ± 1.16% and 79.25 ± 0.83%, respectively, at a dose of 500 g/mL. All samples displayed notable anthelmintic activity by reducing paralysis and death time in a dose-dependent manner compared to albendazole. In both analgesic tests, SFJC demonstrated substantial ( < 0.01) pain inhibition percentages (tail immersion: 49.46%; acetic acid writhing: 66.43%) at a dose of 600 mg/kg. During neuropharmacological screening, all extracts significantly ( < 0.01; < 0.05) and dose-dependently decreased the mice's locomotion activity and motor balance. In the thiopental-induced sedation assay, SFJC significantly decreased the sleep latency time (4.18 ± 0.24 min) and increased the duration of sleep time (85.20 ± 2.39 min) at a higher dose. All samples notably reduced blood glucose levels in the oral glucose tolerance test in a dose-responsive manner, and SFJC exhibited a considerable hypoglycemic impact (7.38 ± 0.44 mmoles/L at 600 mg/kg). The frequency of diarrheal episodes in mice during the antidiarrhea assessment was significantly decreased by the tested plant samples. These findings can serve as a reference for future endeavors to isolate pure bioactive compounds from this plant for the development of novel phytomedicines.
本研究的目的是评估（Lour.）Raeusch果实（PFJM）和种子（SFJM）的甲醇提取物及其在乙酸乙酯中的可溶部分（果实：PFJE；种子：SFJE）和氯仿中的可溶部分（果实：PFJC；种子：SFJC）的药理特性。我们对所检测提取物的植物化学分析证实了各种具有治疗活性的植物成分的存在，包括黄酮类、单宁、糖苷和生物碱。采用DPPH（2,2 - 二苯基 - 1 - 苦基肼）自由基淬灭法，与抗坏血酸（IC 21.77）相比，SFJC表现出最高的抗氧化潜力，IC为48.84。通过对人体血液样本的快速凝血分析评估溶栓活性，结果显示与链激酶（72.89±2.19%）相比，SFJC表现出最高的溶栓活性（60.99±2.28%）。在蛋白质变性抗关节炎试验中，PFJE和SFJC提取物表现出显著的效力，在500μg/mL的剂量下，分别达到74.28±1.16%和79.25±0.83%的结果。与阿苯达唑相比，所有样品均通过以剂量依赖性方式减少麻痹和死亡时间而表现出显著的驱虫活性。在两项镇痛试验中，SFJC在600mg/kg的剂量下均表现出显著的（<0.01）疼痛抑制百分比（尾部浸入：49.46%；乙酸扭体：66.43%）。在神经药理学筛选过程中，所有提取物均显著（<0.01；<0.05）且剂量依赖性地降低了小鼠的运动活性和运动平衡。在硫喷妥钠诱导的镇静试验中，较高剂量的SFJC显著缩短了睡眠潜伏期（4.18±0.24分钟）并延长了睡眠时间（85.20±2.39分钟）。在口服葡萄糖耐量试验中，所有样品均以剂量反应方式显著降低血糖水平，并且SFJC表现出相当大的降血糖作用（600mg/kg时为7.38±0.44毫摩尔/升）。在止泻评估中，受试植物样品显著降低了小鼠腹泻发作的频率。这些发现可为未来从该植物中分离纯生物活性化合物以开发新型植物药的努力提供参考。
