Roumi Zahra, Mirzababaei Atieh, Abaj Faezeh, Davaneghi Soheila, Aali Yasaman, Mirzaei Khadijeh
Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.
Front Nutr. 2024 Jul 22;11:1410811. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1410811. eCollection 2024.
Cardiovascular disease (CVD), which is an important global health challenge, is expanding. One of the main factors in the occurrence of CVD is a high genetic risk. The interaction between genetic risk in CVD and nutrition is debatable. Polyphenols are one of the important dietary components that may have a protective role in people who have a high genetic risk score (GRS) for cardiometabolic risk factors. This study, conducted in overweight and obese women, examines the interaction between polyphenol intake and specific genes (MC4r, Cav-1, and Cry1) related to maintaining body balance and their interaction with cardiometabolic risk factors.
This cross-sectional study included 391 women who were overweight or obese, aged 18 to 48 years, with a body mass index (BMI) between 25 and 40 kg/m. Body composition was measured using the InBody 770 scanner. Total dietary polyphenol intake (TDPI) was assessed with a validated 147-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), and polyphenol intakes were determined using the Phenol-Explorer database. Serum samples underwent biochemical tests. The Genetic Risk Score (GRS) was calculated based on the risk alleles of three genes: MC4r, Cav-1, and Cry1.
The mean ± standard deviation (SD) age and BMI of women were 36.67 (9.1) years and 30.98 (3.9) kg/m, respectively. The high GRS and high TDPI group had a significant negative interaction with fasting blood glucose (FBS) ( = 0.01). Individuals who had a high GRS and a high phenolic acid intake were found to have a significant negative interaction with Triglyceride ( = 0.04). Similarly, individuals with high GRS and a high intake of flavonoids had a significant negative interaction with TG ( < 0.01) and a significant positive interaction with High-density lipoprotein (HDL) ( = 0.01) in the adjusted model.
According to our findings, those with a high GRS may have a protective effect on cardiometabolic risk factors by consuming high amounts of polyphenols. Further studies will be necessary in the future to validate this association.
心血管疾病（CVD）是一项重大的全球健康挑战，且其影响范围正在扩大。CVD发生的主要因素之一是高遗传风险。CVD中的遗传风险与营养之间的相互作用存在争议。多酚是重要的膳食成分之一，可能对具有高遗传风险评分（GRS）的心血管代谢风险因素人群具有保护作用。本研究针对超重和肥胖女性，探讨多酚摄入量与维持身体平衡相关的特定基因（MC4r、Cav-1和Cry1）之间的相互作用，以及它们与心血管代谢风险因素的相互作用。
这项横断面研究纳入了391名年龄在18至48岁之间、体重指数（BMI）在25至40kg/m之间的超重或肥胖女性。使用InBody 770扫描仪测量身体成分。通过一份经验证的包含147个条目的食物频率问卷（FFQ）评估总膳食多酚摄入量（TDPI），并使用Phenol-Explorer数据库确定多酚摄入量。对血清样本进行生化检测。基于三个基因（MC4r、Cav-1和Cry1）的风险等位基因计算遗传风险评分（GRS）。
女性的平均年龄±标准差（SD）为36.67（9.1）岁，BMI为30.98（3.9）kg/m。高GRS和高TDPI组与空腹血糖（FBS）存在显著的负向相互作用（P = 0.01）。发现高GRS且高酚酸摄入量的个体与甘油三酯存在显著的负向相互作用（P = 0.04）。同样，在调整模型中，高GRS且高黄酮类化合物摄入量的个体与甘油三酯（P < 0.01）存在显著的负向相互作用，与高密度脂蛋白（HDL）存在显著的正向相互作用（P = 0.01）。
根据我们的研究结果，高GRS人群通过摄入大量多酚可能对心血管代谢风险因素具有保护作用。未来有必要进行进一步研究以验证这种关联。
