Public Health Program, School of Arts and Sciences, MCPHS University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Pre-Medical Health Studies, School of Arts and Sciences, MCPHS University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Am J Ind Med. 2024 Oct;67(10):910-919. doi: 10.1002/ajim.23643. Epub 2024 Aug 6.
In recent years previous declines in cardiovascular disease (CVD) have stalled. There are occupational risk factors for CVD mortality. This study seeks to examine inequalities in CVD mortality for working-age adults in the United States by occupation.
Death certificate data for CVD deaths were obtained from the National Center for Health Statistics. Occupation data from these death certificates were coded to major occupation groups. Using information about the number of workers employed in these occupations obtained from the American Community Survey, we calculated mortality rates and rate ratios (RRs), adjusted for covariates associated with CVD mortality.
After adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, and educational attainment, workers in 11 occupations had significantly elevated RRs: food preparation and serving; construction and extraction; arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media; life, physical, and social science; farming, fishing, and forestry; legal; protective services; building and grounds cleaning and maintenance; healthcare practitioners and technical; personal care and service; and community and social services.
Occupation appears to be a significant predictor of CVD mortality. Further research is needed to assess how occupational risk factors contribute to changing trends for CVD mortality. Interventions are needed to address workplace risk factors for CVD.
近年来，心血管疾病（CVD）的发病率呈下降趋势，但已趋于停滞。职业因素是 CVD 死亡的风险因素之一。本研究旨在探讨美国劳动年龄段成年人 CVD 死亡率的职业差异。
本研究从国家卫生统计中心获取了 CVD 死亡的死亡证明数据。这些死亡证明上的职业数据被编码为主要职业群体。我们利用从美国社区调查中获得的关于这些职业中就业人数的信息，计算了死亡率和调整后的比率（RR），并调整了与 CVD 死亡率相关的混杂因素。
调整年龄、性别、种族/民族和教育程度后，有 11 种职业的工人 RR 值显著升高：食品制备和服务；建筑和开采；艺术、设计、娱乐、体育和媒体；生命、物理和社会科学；农业、渔业和林业；法律；保护服务；建筑和场地清洁和维护；医疗保健从业者和技术；个人护理和服务；社区和社会服务。
职业似乎是 CVD 死亡率的一个重要预测因素。需要进一步研究评估职业风险因素如何导致 CVD 死亡率的变化趋势。需要采取干预措施来解决工作场所的 CVD 风险因素。
