Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Disease, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
Methods Mol Biol. 2024;2835:173-180. doi: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3995-5_16.
Exosomes are double-layered lipid membranous nanovesicles that are endosomal in origin and secreted by almost all cells. They are 30-130 nm in size and contain various molecular signatures such as miRNAs, mRNAs, DNA, lipids, and proteins. Due to their highly heterogeneous content, exosomes have a major role in influencing cellular physiology and pathology. Although exosome research has been in progress for a long time, its biomedical applications have recently been expanding due to its bio-friendly nature. However, the most challenging part is its isolation to obtain quality exosomes with good yield. Therefore, in this chapter, we have described appropriate protocols for exosome isolation and characterization along with alternative purification methods.
外泌体是双层脂质膜纳米囊泡，起源于内体，几乎由所有细胞分泌。它们的大小为 30-130nm，包含各种分子特征，如 miRNAs、mRNAs、DNA、脂质和蛋白质。由于其高度异质性的内容，外泌体在影响细胞生理学和病理学方面起着重要作用。尽管外泌体研究已经进行了很长时间，但由于其生物友好性，其生物医学应用最近正在扩大。然而，最具挑战性的部分是其分离，以获得具有良好产量的高质量外泌体。因此，在本章中，我们描述了外泌体分离和表征的适当方案，以及替代的纯化方法。
