Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
Administration of Mazandaran Province, Iran Fisheries Organization, Sari, Iran.
Fish Physiol Biochem. 2024 Dec;50(6):2343-2356. doi: 10.1007/s10695-024-01375-w. Epub 2024 Aug 6.
This study evaluates using different levels of the white button mushroom powder (WBMP) on some mucosal innate immune parameters (lysozyme, protease, esterase, alkaline phosphatase activities, and total immunoglobulin levels), and the relative expression of some principal immune-relevant genes (lysozyme, TNF-α, and IL-1β) in the zebra danio intestine. Zebrafish specimens (1.75 ± 0.25 g) were divided into experimental units based on the additives to a diet including 5, 10, and 20 g of WBMP per kilogram of food weight, alone or in conjunction with the antibiotic (10 mg/kg BW), and the AGRIMOS (1 g/kg food weight). Following the 11-day experimental duration, the skin mucus and intestine were sampled. To assess the immune gene expression, the real-time PCR detection system was conducted according to the ΔΔCt method using the IQ5 software (Bio-RAD). Results showed that all groups had a significant increase in terms of mucosal lysozyme activity compared to the control group. Examination of total immunoglobulin, protease, esterase, and ALP activity in fish under experimental treatment showed that there was no significant difference between the trial groups and the control groups. The most expression of the lysozyme gene was related to the group that was separately taken the lower concentration (5 g per kg of FW) of WBMP. In conclusion, the amount of 1% mushroom powder in the diet can improve its immune function. Our recommendation is that given the positive effects that mushroom powder added on the diet alone, avoid taking antibiotics for this purpose.
本研究评估了不同水平的白蘑菇粉（WBMP）对斑马鱼肠道某些黏膜固有免疫参数（溶菌酶、蛋白酶、酯酶、碱性磷酸酶活性和总免疫球蛋白水平）和某些主要免疫相关基因（溶菌酶、TNF-α和 IL-1β）相对表达的影响。将 1.75±0.25g 的斑马鱼标本根据添加剂分为实验组，包括每公斤食物中添加 5、10 和 20g 的 WBMP，单独或与抗生素（10mg/kgBW）和 AGROMOS（1g/kg 食物重量）一起。在 11 天的实验期后，采集皮肤黏液和肠道样本。为了评估免疫基因表达，使用 IQ5 软件（Bio-RAD）根据 ΔΔCt 方法进行实时 PCR 检测系统。结果表明，与对照组相比，所有组的黏膜溶菌酶活性均显著增加。对实验组鱼类总免疫球蛋白、蛋白酶、酯酶和 ALP 活性的检查表明，实验组与对照组之间没有显著差异。溶菌酶基因的最大表达与单独使用较低浓度（每公斤 FW5g）的 WBMP 的组有关。总之，饮食中添加 1%蘑菇粉可以提高其免疫功能。我们的建议是，鉴于蘑菇粉单独添加对饮食的积极影响，避免为此目的使用抗生素。
