Global Statistical Consult, Accra, Ghana
Global Statistical Consult, Accra, Ghana.
BMJ Open. 2024 Aug 5;14(8):e083904. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2024-083904.
Low birth weight (LBW) is an important indicator of newborn health and can have long-term implications for a child's development. Spatial exploratory analysis provides a toolkit to gain insight into inequalities in LBW. Few studies in Ghana have explored the spatial distribution of LBW to understand the extent of the problem geographically. This study explores individual and cluster-level distributions of LBW using spatial exploration components for common determinants from nationally representative survey data.
We used data from the 2017 Ghana Maternal Health Survey and conducted individual-level and cluster-level analyses of LBW with place and zone of residence in both bivariate and multivariate analyses. By incorporating spatial and survey designs methodology, logistic and Poisson regression models were used to model LBW.
Ghana.
A total of 4127 women aged between 15 and 49 years were included in the individual-level analysis and 864 clusters corresponding to birth weight.
Individual and cluster-level distribution for LBW using spatial components for common determinants.
In the individual-level analysis, place and zone of residence were significantly associated with LBW in the bivariate model but not in a multivariate model. Hotspot analysis indicated the presence of LBW clusters in the middle and northern zones of Ghana. Compared with rural areas, clusters in urban areas had significantly lower LBW (p=0.017). Clusters in the northern zone were significantly associated with higher LBW (p=0.018) compared with the coastal zones.
Our findings from choropleth hotspot maps suggest LBW clusters in Ghana's northern and middle zones. Disparities between the rural and urban continuum require specific attention to bridge the healthcare system gap for Ghana's northern and middle zones.
低出生体重（LBW）是新生儿健康的一个重要指标，对儿童的发育有长期影响。空间探索分析为洞察 LBW 不平等提供了一个工具包。加纳很少有研究探索 LBW 的空间分布，以了解该问题在地理上的严重程度。本研究使用来自全国代表性调查数据的常见决定因素的空间探索成分，探讨 LBW 的个体和群集分布。
我们使用了 2017 年加纳母婴健康调查的数据，并在单变量和多变量分析中对 LBW 进行了个体和群集水平的分析，包括居住地和居住区域。通过纳入空间和调查设计方法，使用逻辑回归和泊松回归模型来建立 LBW 模型。
加纳。
共有 4127 名年龄在 15 至 49 岁之间的妇女被纳入个体水平分析，864 个聚类对应于出生体重。
使用常见决定因素的空间成分对 LBW 的个体和群集分布进行分析。
在个体水平分析中，居住地和居住区域在单变量模型中与 LBW 显著相关，但在多变量模型中不相关。热点分析表明，加纳中北部地区存在 LBW 聚类。与农村地区相比，城市地区的聚类 LBW 显著较低（p=0.017）。与沿海地区相比，北部地区的聚类与更高的 LBW 显著相关（p=0.018）。
我们从专题热点地图得出的发现表明，加纳的北部和中部地区存在 LBW 聚类。农村和城市连续体之间的差异需要特别关注，以弥合加纳北部和中部地区的医疗保健系统差距。
