Daouda Misbath, Seyram Kaali, Amankwah Georgette Owusu, Seidu Iddrisu, Kar Abhishek, Abubakari Sulemana, Malagutti Flavio, Awuni Sule, Razak Abdul, Apraku Edward, Peprah Peter, Lee Alison G, Mehta Sumi, Jack Darby, Asante Kwaku Poku
Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York, USA
Environmental Health Sciences, University of California Berkeley School of Public Health, Berkeley, California, USA.
Inj Prev. 2024 Aug 6. doi: 10.1136/ip-2023-045191.
Household energy transitions have the potential to reduce the burden of several health outcomes but have narrowly focused on those mediated by reduced exposure to air pollution, despite concerns about the burden of injury outcomes. Here, we aimed to describe the country-level incidence of severe cooking-related burns in Ghana and identify household-level risk factors for adults and children.
We conducted a national household energy use survey including 7389 households across 370 enumeration areas in Ghana in 2020. In each household, a pretested version of the Clean Cooking Alliance Burns Surveillance Module was administered to the primary cook. We computed incidence rates of severe cooking-related burns and conducted bivariate logistic regression to identify potential risk factors.
We documented 129 severe cooking-related burns that had occurred in the previous year. The incidence rate (95% CI) of cooking-related burns among working-age females was 17 (13 to 21) per 1000 person-years or 8.5 times higher than that of working-age males. Among adults, the odds of experiencing a cooking-related burn were 2.29 (95% CI 1.02 to 5.14) and 2.40 (95% CI 1.04 to 5.55) times higher among primary wood and charcoal users respectively compared with primary liquified petroleum gas users. No child burns were documented in households where liquified petroleum gas was primarily used.
Using a nationally representative sample, we found that solid fuel use doubled the odds of cooking-related burns compared with liquified petroleum gas. Ghana's efforts to expand access to liquified petroleum gas should focus on safe use.
家庭能源转型有可能减轻多种健康问题的负担，但尽管人们担心伤害后果带来的负担，目前却狭隘地聚焦于因减少空气污染暴露而介导的那些健康问题。在此，我们旨在描述加纳全国范围内与烹饪相关的严重烧伤发生率，并确定成人和儿童家庭层面的风险因素。
2020年，我们在加纳370个普查区对7389户家庭进行了全国家庭能源使用调查。在每户家庭中，对主要做饭者使用了经过预测试的清洁烹饪联盟烧伤监测模块。我们计算了与烹饪相关的严重烧伤发生率，并进行双变量逻辑回归以确定潜在风险因素。
我们记录了上一年发生的129起与烹饪相关的严重烧伤事件。育龄女性中与烹饪相关的烧伤发生率（95%置信区间）为每1000人年17例（13至21例），是育龄男性的8.5倍。在成年人中，主要使用木材和木炭的人群发生烹饪相关烧伤的几率分别比主要使用液化石油气的人群高2.29倍（95%置信区间1.02至5.14）和2.40倍（95%置信区间1.04至5.55）。在主要使用液化石油气的家庭中未记录到儿童烧伤事件。
通过使用具有全国代表性的样本，我们发现与液化石油气相比，使用固体燃料使烹饪相关烧伤的几率增加了一倍。加纳扩大液化石油气获取途径的努力应侧重于安全使用。
