Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center, Uvalde, TX, 78801, USA.
The University of Texas at San Antonio (UTSA), San Antonio, TX, 78249, USA.
Sci Rep. 2024 Aug 6;14(1):18214. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-68209-w.
Understanding the structure and diversity of microbiomes is critical to establishing olives in non-traditional production areas. Limited studies have investigated soil and root-associated microbiota dynamics in olives across seasons or locations in the United States. We explored the composition and spatiotemporal patterns of the olive-associated microbial communities and specificity in two niches (rhizosphere and root endosphere), seasons (spring, summer, and fall), and domains (bacteria and fungi) in the microbiome of the olive cultivar Arbequina across three olive orchards in Texas. Phylum Proteobacteria, followed by Actinobacteriota, dominated the bacterial populations in the rhizosphere and endosphere. Rubrobacter and Actinophytocola were dominant taxa in the rhizosphere and root endosphere at the genus level. Among fungal communities, phylum Ascomycota was prevalent in the rhizosphere and endosphere, while members of the Chaetomiaceae family outnumbered other taxa in the root endosphere. As per the alpha diversity indices, the rhizosphere at Moulton showed much higher richness and diversity than other places, which predicted a significant difference in rhizosphere between locations for bacterial diversity and richness. There was no significant variation in the bacterial diversity in the niches and the fungal diversity within the root endosphere between locations. Beta diversity analysis confirmed the effect of compartments-in influencing community differences. Microbial diversity was apparent within the endosphere and rhizosphere. The seasons influenced only the rhizosphere fungal diversity, contrasting the bacterial diversity in either niche. The research provided a comprehensive overview of the microbial diversity in olive trees' rhizosphere and root endosphere. The abundance and composition of OTUs associated with the rhizosphere soil of Arbequina suggest its role as a source reservoir in defining the potential endophytes.
了解微生物组的结构和多样性对于在非传统生产地区种植橄榄至关重要。有限的研究调查了美国不同季节或地区的土壤和根相关微生物组的动态。我们探索了在美国德克萨斯州三个橄榄园中，橄榄品种 Arbequina 的微生物组中两个生态位（根际和根内圈）、两个季节（春季、夏季和秋季）和两个域（细菌和真菌）中橄榄相关微生物群落的组成和时空模式及其特异性。门Proteobacteria，其次是Actinobacteriota，在根际和根内圈的细菌种群中占主导地位。Rubrobacter 和 Actinophytocola 在根际和根内圈的属水平上是主要类群。在真菌群落中，门Ascomycota 在根际和根内圈中占优势，而 Chaetomiaceae 科的成员在根内圈中比其他类群多。根据 alpha 多样性指数，莫尔顿的根际具有比其他地方更高的丰富度和多样性，这预示着不同地点的根际之间在细菌多样性和丰富度方面存在显著差异。在不同地点的生态位之间以及根内圈的真菌多样性之间，细菌多样性没有显著变化。β多样性分析证实了分隔对群落差异的影响。内圈和根内圈中的微生物多样性明显。季节仅影响根际真菌多样性，而对任何一个生态位的细菌多样性都没有影响。该研究全面概述了橄榄树根际和根内圈的微生物多样性。与 Arbequina 根际土壤相关的 OTUs 的丰度和组成表明其作为定义潜在内生菌的源库的作用。
