Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, China.
College of Ecol-Environmental Engineering, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, China.
BMC Genomics. 2024 Aug 6;25(1):763. doi: 10.1186/s12864-024-10666-8.
Edible fungi cultivation serves as an efficient biological approach to transforming agroforestry byproducts, particularly Korshinsk peashrub (KP) branches into valuable mushroom (Lentinus edodes) products. Despite the widespread use of KP, the molecular mechanisms underlying its regulation of mushroom development remain largely unknown. In this study, we conducted a combined analysis of transcriptome and metabolism of mushroom fruiting bodies cultivated on KP substrates compared to those on apple wood sawdust (AWS) substrate. Our aim was to identify key metabolic pathways and genes that respond to the effects of KP substrates on mushrooms. The results revealed that KP induced at least a 1.5-fold increase in protein and fat content relative to AWS, with 15% increase in polysaccharide and total sugar content in mushroom fruiting bodies. There are 1196 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between mushrooms treated with KP relative to AWS. Bioinformatic analysis show significant enrichments in amino acid metabolic process, oxidase activity, malic enzyme activity and carbon metabolism among the 698 up-regulated DEGs induced by KP against AWS. Additionally, pathways associated with organic acid transport and methane metabolism were significantly enriched among the 498 down-regulated DEGs. Metabolomic analysis identified 439 differentially abundant metabolites (DAMs) in mushrooms treated with KP compared to AWS. Consistent with the transcriptome data, KEGG analysis on metabolomic dataset suggested significant enrichments in carbon metabolism, alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism among the up-regulated DAMs by KP. In particular, some DAMs were enhanced by 1.5-fold, including D-glutamine, L-glutamate, glucose and pyruvate in mushroom samples treated with KP relative to AWS. Targeted metabolomic analysis confirmed the contents of DAMs related to glutamate metabolism and energy metabolism. In conclusion, our findings suggest that reprogrammed carbon metabolism and oxidoreductase pathways act critical roles in the enhanced response of mushroom to KP substrates.
食用菌栽培是将农林副产品转化为有价值蘑菇（香菇）产品的有效生物方法，特别是对锦鸡儿（Korshinsk peashrub，KP）枝条。尽管 KP 被广泛使用，但它调节蘑菇发育的分子机制在很大程度上仍然未知。在这项研究中，我们对在 KP 基质上栽培的蘑菇子实体的转录组和代谢进行了综合分析，与在苹果木屑（AWS）基质上栽培的蘑菇子实体进行了比较。我们的目的是确定对 KP 基质对子实体的影响有反应的关键代谢途径和基因。结果表明，与 AWS 相比，KP 至少使蛋白质和脂肪含量增加了 1.5 倍，蘑菇子实体中的多糖和总糖含量增加了 15%。与 AWS 相比，用 KP 处理的蘑菇中有 1196 个差异表达基因（DEGs）。生物信息学分析显示，在 KP 诱导的 698 个上调 DEGs 中，显著富集了氨基酸代谢过程、氧化酶活性、苹果酸酶活性和碳代谢；在 498 个下调 DEGs 中，与有机酸转运和甲烷代谢相关的途径也显著富集。代谢组学分析鉴定出用 KP 处理的蘑菇中有 439 个差异丰度代谢物（DAMs），与 AWS 相比。与转录组数据一致，对代谢组数据集的 KEGG 分析表明，在 KP 上调的 DAMs 中，碳代谢、丙氨酸、天冬氨酸和谷氨酸代谢显著富集。特别是，与 AWS 相比，用 KP 处理的蘑菇样品中一些 DAMs 的含量增加了 1.5 倍，包括 D-谷氨酰胺、L-谷氨酸、葡萄糖和丙酮酸。靶向代谢组学分析证实了与谷氨酸代谢和能量代谢相关的 DAM 含量。总之，我们的研究结果表明，重新编程的碳代谢和氧化还原酶途径在蘑菇对 KP 基质的增强反应中起着关键作用。
