Sun Jiefang, Zhang Meng, Gao Qianlong, Shao Bing
Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, China.
School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Front Chem. 2024 Jul 24;12:1425774. doi: 10.3389/fchem.2024.1425774. eCollection 2024.
Biotoxins are ranges of toxic substances produced by animals, plants, and microorganisms, which could contaminate foods during their production, processing, transportation, or storage, thus leading to foodborne illness, even food terrorism. Therefore, proposing simple, rapid, and effective detection methods for ensuring food free from biotoxin contamination shows a highly realistic demand. Aptamers are single-stranded oligonucleotides obtained from the systematic evolution of ligands by performing exponential enrichment (SELEX). They can specifically bind to wide ranges of targets with high affinity; thus, they have become important recognizing units in safety monitoring in food control and anti-terrorism. In this paper, we reviewed the technical points and difficulties of typical aptamer screening processes for biotoxins. For promoting the understanding of food control in the food supply chain, the latest progresses in rapid optical detection of biotoxins based on aptamers were summarized. In the end, we outlined some challenges and prospects in this field. We hope this paper could stimulate widespread interest in developing advanced sensing systems for ensuring food safety.
生物毒素是由动物、植物和微生物产生的一系列有毒物质，这些物质可能在食品生产、加工、运输或储存过程中污染食品，从而导致食源性疾病，甚至引发食品恐怖主义。因此，提出简单、快速且有效的检测方法以确保食品不受生物毒素污染具有高度现实需求。适体是通过指数富集配体系统进化技术（SELEX）从系统进化中获得的单链寡核苷酸。它们能够以高亲和力特异性结合多种靶标；因此，它们已成为食品控制和反恐安全监测中的重要识别单元。本文综述了生物毒素典型适体筛选过程的技术要点和难点。为促进对食品供应链中食品控制的理解，总结了基于适体的生物毒素快速光学检测的最新进展。最后，我们概述了该领域的一些挑战和前景。我们希望本文能激发人们对开发先进传感系统以确保食品安全的广泛兴趣。
