National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
Plant Physiol. 2024 Nov 4;196(3):1953-1964. doi: 10.1093/plphys/kiae413.
Hybrid breeding between herbaceous peonies (the maternal parent) and tree peonies (the paternal parent) results in Paeonia Itoh hybrids (Itoh peonies), a triploid species that combines advantageous traits from both parental species, thus offering great economic value. However, the exact genetic contribution of the two parents is unclear. In this study, we introduce a straightforward approach utilizing heterozygous single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and Sanger sequencing of targeted gene fragments to trace the original bases back to their parents in Itoh peonies. Our results indicate that in triploid Itoh peonies, only one set of genes is derived from herbaceous peonies, and two sets of genes are derived from the tree peonies. Notably, the presence of three distinct bases of heterozygous SNPs across multiple Itoh cultivars suggests that the gametes from the paternal parents carry two sets of heterozygous homologous chromosomes, which could be due to Meiosis I failure during gamete formation. To validate our method's effectiveness in parentage determination, we analyze two Itoh hybrids and their parents, confirming its practical utility. This research presents a method to reveal the parental genetic contribution in Itoh peonies, which could enhance the efficiency and precision of hybrid breeding programs of triploids in Paeonia and other plant species.
芍药属（母本）和牡丹属（父本）的杂种育成了芍药属杂种（芍药），这是一种三倍体物种，结合了双亲种的有利特征，因此具有巨大的经济价值。然而，双亲的遗传贡献的确切情况尚不清楚。在这项研究中，我们介绍了一种简单的方法，利用杂合单核苷酸多态性（SNP）和靶向基因片段的 Sanger 测序，追踪 Itoh 芍药中的原始碱基回到其亲本。我们的结果表明，在三倍体 Itoh 芍药中，只有一套基因来自芍药属，两套基因来自牡丹属。值得注意的是，多个 Itoh 品种中存在三种不同的杂合 SNP 碱基，表明父本的配子携带两套杂合同源染色体，这可能是由于配子形成过程中的减数分裂 I 失败所致。为了验证我们的方法在亲子关系鉴定中的有效性，我们分析了两个 Itoh 杂种及其亲本，证实了其实际应用。这项研究提出了一种揭示 Itoh 芍药中亲本遗传贡献的方法，这可能会提高芍药属和其他植物物种三倍体杂种育成计划的效率和精度。
