Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Applied Sciences & Humanities, GLA University, Chaumuhan, 281406, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Department of Biotechnology, Dr. Rammanohar Lohia Avadh University, Ayodhya, 224001, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Mol Biol Rep. 2024 Aug 8;51(1):896. doi: 10.1007/s11033-024-09840-8.
CRISPR-based (Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-based) technologies have revolutionized molecular biology and diagnostics, offering unprecedented precision and versatility. However, challenges remain, such as high costs, demanding technical expertise, and limited quantification capabilities. To overcome these limitations, innovative microfluidic platforms are emerging as powerful tools for enhancing CRISPR diagnostics. This review explores the exciting intersection of CRISPR and microfluidics, highlighting their potential to revolutionize healthcare diagnostics. By integrating CRISPR's specificity with microfluidics' miniaturization and automation, researchers are developing more sensitive and portable diagnostic tools for a range of diseases. These microfluidic devices streamline sample processing, improve diagnostic performance, and enable point-of-care applications, allowing for rapid and accurate detection of pathogens, genetic disorders, and other health conditions. The review discusses various CRISPR/Cas systems, including Cas9, Cas12, and Cas13, and their integration with microfluidic platforms. It also examines the advantages and limitations of these systems, highlighting their potential for detecting DNA and RNA biomarkers. The review also explores the key challenges in developing and implementing CRISPR-driven microfluidic diagnostics, such as ensuring robustness, minimizing cross-contamination, and achieving robust quantification. Finally, it highlights potential future directions for this rapidly evolving field, emphasizing the transformative potential of these technologies for personalized medicine and global health.
基于 CRISPR 的（基于聚类规则间隔短回文重复的）技术彻底改变了分子生物学和诊断学，提供了前所未有的精度和多功能性。然而，挑战依然存在，例如成本高、技术要求高和定量能力有限。为了克服这些限制，创新的微流控平台作为增强 CRISPR 诊断的强大工具正在出现。这篇综述探讨了 CRISPR 和微流控的令人兴奋的交叉点，强调了它们在医疗保健诊断方面的革命性潜力。通过将 CRISPR 的特异性与微流控的微型化和自动化相结合，研究人员正在开发更敏感和便携的诊断工具，用于一系列疾病。这些微流控设备简化了样品处理，提高了诊断性能，并实现了即时诊断应用，能够快速准确地检测病原体、遗传疾病和其他健康状况。该综述讨论了各种 CRISPR/Cas 系统，包括 Cas9、Cas12 和 Cas13，以及它们与微流控平台的集成。它还检查了这些系统的优点和局限性，强调了它们检测 DNA 和 RNA 生物标志物的潜力。该综述还探讨了开发和实施基于 CRISPR 的微流控诊断所面临的关键挑战，例如确保稳健性、最小化交叉污染和实现稳健的定量。最后，它突出了这个快速发展领域的潜在未来方向，强调了这些技术在个性化医疗和全球健康方面的变革潜力。
