Rairat Tirawat, Kitsanayanyong Lalitphan, Keetanon Arunothai, Phansawat Putsucha, Wimanhaemin Parattagorn, Chongprachavat Natnicha, Suanploy Wiranya, Chow Edwin Pei Yong, Chuchird Niti
Faculty of Fisheries, Department of Fishery Biology, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Faculty of Fisheries, Department of Fishery Products, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand.
PLoS One. 2024 Aug 8;19(8):e0308559. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0308559. eCollection 2024.
Free fatty acids have long been used as dietary supplements in aquaculture, but the application of monoglycerides has increased interest in more recent times. The study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary short- and medium-chain fatty acid monoglyceride and cinnamaldehyde (SMMG) on the growth performance, survival, immune responses, and tolerance to hypoxic stress of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). In Experiment 1, shrimp post-larvae were divided into 4 groups with 6 replicates and fed with diets supplemented with 0 (control), 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5% diet for 30 days. The final body weight and survival rate were determined. In Experiment 2, the juvenile shrimp from Experiment 1 were subjected to hypoxic stress conditions (dissolved oxygen level 2-2.5 mg/L) for 14 days, then the specific growth rate (SGR), survival rate, intestinal Vibrio spp. count, immune responses, and histopathological change of the hepatopancreas were analyzed. Following the 30-day feeding trial, the results revealed that the final body weight and survival of the 0.3-0.5% SMMG groups (2.81-3.06 g and 74.00-84.33%, respectively) were significantly higher than the control shrimp (1.96 g and 68.33%, respectively). In the hypoxic stress experiment, the survival rates of shrimp fed 0.4-0.5% SMMG (71.67-80.00%) were significantly higher than the control (51.67%). Although the SGR were not affected by SMMG supplementation, all immune parameters evaluated were significantly enhanced, and the intestinal Vibrio spp. counts were significantly decreased in the 0.4-0.5% SMMG-fed shrimp; the histopathological structure of the hepatopancreas was also improved in these shrimp compared to the control. Our findings indicated that SMMG as a feed additive has beneficial effects in improving shrimp health and increasing tolerance to hypoxic conditions.
游离脂肪酸长期以来一直被用作水产养殖中的膳食补充剂，但近年来甘油单酯的应用引起了更多关注。本研究旨在探讨日粮中短链和中链脂肪酸甘油单酯与肉桂醛（SMMG）对凡纳滨对虾生长性能、存活率、免疫反应及耐低氧胁迫能力的影响。在实验1中，将幼体对虾分为4组，每组6个重复，分别投喂添加0（对照）、0.3%、0.4%和0.5%日粮的饲料，持续30天。测定最终体重和存活率。在实验2中，将实验1中的幼虾置于低氧胁迫条件下（溶解氧水平为2 - 2.5mg/L）14天，然后分析特定生长率（SGR）、存活率、肠道弧菌数量、免疫反应以及肝胰腺的组织病理学变化。经过30天的投喂试验，结果显示，0.3 - 0.5% SMMG组的最终体重和存活率（分别为2.81 - 3.06g和74.00 - 84.33%）显著高于对照虾（分别为1.96g和68.33%）。在低氧胁迫实验中，投喂0.4 - 0.5% SMMG的对虾存活率（71.67 - 80.00%）显著高于对照组（51.67%）。虽然SGR不受SMMG添加的影响，但所有评估的免疫参数均显著增强，且在投喂0.4 - 0.5% SMMG的对虾中，肠道弧菌数量显著减少；与对照组相比，这些对虾的肝胰腺组织病理学结构也得到改善。我们的研究结果表明，SMMG作为饲料添加剂对改善对虾健康状况和提高耐低氧能力具有有益作用。
